483 ERIOCAULONACE^£. (PIPEWOKT FAMILY.) 



- 7 long) ; lateral sepals obscurely lacerate-fringed above on the winged ked, rather 

 shorter than the bract. (X. Jupacai, partly, Michx. X. anceps, Maid.} — Sandy 

 swamps, &c., Rhode Island to Virginia and southward, near the coast. Aug. 



— Scape l°-2° high: leaves l"-4" wide. Petals pretty large, the claws turn- 

 ing brownish. 



3. X. Hanlxrarata, Ell. Scape somewhat angled (2° high), rather longer 

 than the lincar-sword-shaped leaves; head oblong (§' long) ; lateral sepals lance- 

 olate-linear, nearly twice the length of the bract, above conspicuously fringed on ;>■' 

 wing-margined keel, and even plumose at the summit. — Pine barrens of New Jersev, 

 Virginia, and southward. 



Order 132. ERIOCAUL.ONACEJG. (Pipeavort Family.; 



Aquatic or marsh herbs, stemless or short-stemmed, with a tuft of fibrous 

 roots, and a cluster of linear often loosely cellular grass-like leaves, and nrUccd 

 scopes sheathed at the base, bearing dense heads of monoecious or rarely dice- 

 cious small 2 - 3-mcrous flowers, each in the axil of a scariotis bract ; the 

 perianth double or rarely simple, chaffy; anthers introrse; the fruit a 2-3- 

 celled 2 - Z-seeded pod : the ovules, seeds, embryo, &c. as in the preceding 

 order. — Chiefly tropical plants, a few in northern temperate regions. 



Synopsis. 



1. ERIOCAULON. Perianth double, the inner (corolla) tubular-funnel-form in the staminate 



flowers ; the stamens twice as many as its lobes (4 or 6). Anthers 2-celled 



2. PiEPALANTHUS. Perianth as in the last : the stamens only as many as the lobes of the 



inner series, or corolla (3). Anthers 2-celled. 



3. LACHNOCAULON. Perianth simple, of 3 sepals. Stamens 3, monadelphous below. An- 



thers 1-cclled. 



1. ERIOCAtJLON, L. Pipewort. 



Flowers monoecious and androgynous, i. e. both kinds in the same head, cither 

 intermixed, or the central ones sterile and the exterior fertile, rarely dioecious. 

 Ster. Fl. Calyx of 2 or 3 keeled or boat-shaped sepals, usually spatulate or 

 dilated upwards. Corolla tubular, 2-3-lobed, each of die lobes bearing a black 

 gland or spot. Stamens twice as many as the lobes of the corolla, one inserted 

 at the base of each lobe and one in each sinus ; anthers 2-celled. Pistils rudi- 

 mentary. Fert. Fl. Calyx as in the sterile flowers, often remote from the rest 

 of the flower (therefore perhaps to be viewed as a pair of bractlets). Corolla of 

 2 or 3 separate narrow petals. Stamens none. Ovary often stalked, 2-3- 

 lobed, 2-3-celled, with a single ovule in each cell: style 1 : stigmas 2 or 3, 

 slender. Pod membranaceous, loculicidal. — Leaves mostly smooth, loosely 

 cellular and pellucid. Scapes or peduncles terminated by a single head, which is 

 involucrate by some outer empty bracts. Flowers, also the tips of the bracts, 

 &c., usually bearded or woolly. (Name compounded of tpiov, wool, and <av\6s, 

 a stalk, from the wool at the base of the scape and leaves of the original species. 

 Excepting this and the flowers, our species aie wholly glabrous.) — Tho North 



