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• Recruitment of several research scientists and engineers with world class rep- 

 utations in science areas that are vital to the Agency's long-term strategy and 

 direction. 



• Increased scientific contact and openness with other organizations — other agen- 

 cies, appropriate industrial and academic research organizations, professional 

 societies, etc. 



• Commitment to evaluate the environmental improvement brought about by 

 major regulations and other policy decisions. EPA has recently initiated some 

 new programs in this regard — such as the Environmental Monitoring and As- 

 sessment Program (EMAP), and the National Human Exposure Assessment 

 Survey (NHEXAS) — and additional emphasis is planned. 



EPA is currently reviewing the process used to develop environmental regulations 

 and non-regulatory policies. One goal of this effort is to identify improvements in 

 the way science and economics impact policy decisions. Revisions to the regulatory 

 development process will likely include reforms that strengthen the applied re- 

 search, scientific smalysis and scientific review that is conducted to support major 

 environmental policy decisions 



Q. 25: F) Can the Department — given its traditional role as a regulatory 

 [agency] — overcome its past image to work closely with industry in this area? 



A. 25: F) Although it is a regulatory Agency, EPA has developed the capability to 

 work with industry in a non-regulatory way to reduce pollution. Three years ago, 

 EPA began a program in Pollution Prevention based on cooperation from the indus- 

 trial sector for its implementation. The program has demonstrated that industry re- 

 sponds positively to environmental protection programs when appropriate incen- 

 tives are present. The innovative technology programs also have demonstrated that 

 the Agency and industry can work together effectively to protect the environment. 

 The Department can use this experience to identify new and constructive ways to 

 work with industry for a healthy environment. Specific examples include: 



• Green Lights The Green Lights program encourages the use of the most 

 energy efficient lighting technologies that can dramatically reduce energy consump- 

 tion and prevent pollution. EPA works with private companies to install energy effi- 

 cient lighting wherever it is profitable. Over 750 corporations have already commit- 

 ted to the program; 



• 33/50 The 33/50 program is part of a broad EPA program designed to encour- 

 age pollution prevention as a cost effective means of achieving reductions in toxic 

 chemicals emissions. The program has an interim goal of a 33 percent reduction by 

 1992 and an ultimate goal of a 50 percent reduction by 1995 in emissions of 17 high 

 priority toxic chemicals, using 1988 Toxic Release Inventory reporting of 1.46 billion 

 pounds of pollution as a baseline. To date, 1,135 companies are participating in this 

 program; 



• Water Alliance for Voluntary Efficiency (WAVE) The WAVE program will 

 encourage commercial businesses to use cost effective water efficient equipment to 

 reduce water use and associated energy use. The program is just starting up and 

 will initially be targeted to the lodging industry. Several large hotel companies have 

 already committed to the program. 



• Golden Carrot The Golden Carrot Super-Efficient Refrigerator Program is fo- 

 cusing manufacturing research and development toward efficiency in a manner 

 never before seen for refrigerators. Under the program, which EPA helped develop 

 with utilities and others, utilities have pooled almost $30 million in rebate incen- 

 tives to the refrigerator manufacturer that can produce the superior product. The 

 manufacturer that can build the largest number of the most efficient, chlorofluoro- 

 carbon-free refrigerators the quickest and cheapest wins the contract. This program 

 will ultimately save consumers $240-480 million in emnual electricity payments. 



• Energy Star Computers and Buildings. Computers: Partnerships with 40 manu- 

 facturers will help create a market for energy-efficient desktop computers that cut 

 energy use by 50 percent without sacrificing performance or raising prices. Clear 

 market incentives are provided to manufacturers to improve the efficiency of their 

 products and an effective mechanism for consumers to make informed purchasing 

 decisions. Buildings: This initiative will stimulate the market for highly efficient 

 heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), and water heating technologies. The 

 program's first technology target will be variable speed motor drives for ventilation 

 systems. 



Q. 26: Does the Administration have a position on Senator Mikulski's proposal 

 specifically to create an independent agency to fund environmental technology 

 R&D? 



A. 26: In general, EPA supports enhanced environmental technology initiatives, 

 such as those recommended by Senator Mikulski (S.425), because they improve envi- 



