CHAP. HI. CONTINENT OF EUROPE. 153 



most part, been either procured direct from Hackney, or from German 

 nurserymen who have purchased their foreign trees and shrubs there. 



In the dukedom of Mecklenburg, Baron Laftert has a very rich collection 

 of trees and shrubs. Some magnolias grow here in the open air without 

 any kind of protection. 



In Anhalt there are few collections besides that of Worlitz, already noticed 

 (p. 149.) ; but the cemetery at Dessau, one of the finest in Germany, contains 

 a number of good foreign trees. 



In the free townships there is, at Frankfort, a considerable collection in the 

 public garden formed on the ramparts from the plan of M. Zeyer, and planted 

 by M. Rinz. (See Encyc. of Gard., edit. 1835, p. 195.) There are, also, col- 

 lections of trees, more or less extensive, in the public gardens belonging 

 to the other free towns. On the ramparts of Bremen there is an excellent 

 collection of poplars, of all the different species and varieties that will endure 

 the open air in that part of Germany, of the height of from 60 ft. to 80 ft. 

 This collection was made with great care by the late Professor Mertens. 



The principal nurserymen in Germany are, Messrs. Booth of Hamburgh, 

 who have an excellent collection of trees in their grounds at Floetbeck j M. 

 Hayen, at Erfurt ; M. Schelhaus, at Cassel ; M. Seidel, at Dresden ; M. 

 Rosenthal, and M. Held, at Vienna ; M. Mathieu, at Berlin ; and M. Rinz, 

 at Frankfort. 



In Germany, as in France, there are very few evergreen trees and shrubs, 

 either in the indigenous or introduced flora, as compared with the ligneous 

 flora of Britain. The cedar of Lebanon requires protection all over Germany, 

 except in the warmest parts of Hungary and Baden ; the common laurel, the 

 Portugal laurel, the arbutus, the rhododendron, the kalmia, the laurustiims, 

 the furze, and even the Irish ivy, can only endure the winters in Germany in 

 very favourable situations. 



Sect. IV. Of the Indigenous and Foreign Trees and Shrubs of 

 Scandinavia^ including Denmark^ Holstein., Sweden, Lapland, Fin- 

 land, Iceland, Greenland, and the Faroe Islands. 



From the northern latitude and severe climate of these countries, it will not 

 be expected that their ligneous flora, either indigenous or introduced, can at 

 all equal that of Britain. The total number of ligneous species enumerated 

 by Retzius, in his Flora Scandmavia, edit. 1795, amounts to 133 species, and 

 of that number there appear to be a few, enumerated below, which are not 

 natives of Britain. The most important of these are the A^cer platanoides, 

 or Norway maple, and the common spruce fir. 



Rosdce(S. Rosa Eglanteria, cinnamomea, fluvialis Retzhis; Potentilla fru- 

 ticosa; »S'pirae"'a salicifolia. 



PomdcecB. Cratas''gus monogyna Jacq. 



LegumimscB. Genista germanica, Coronilla E'merus. 



SalicinecE. (Salix hermaphrodita, hastata, myrtilloides, depressa, lapponum. 



Acerinece. A'cer ^^latanoides. 



CistinecE. Heliinthemum oelandicum, Fumana. 



TamariscinecE. Tlamarix germanica. 



IB.ricdcecE. Phyllodoce ^axifolia (Menzies/^ caerulea); Andromeda tetra- 

 gona, Aypnoides, calyculata ; iihododendron lapponicum ; Ledum grcenlan- 

 dicum, not found in the limits of Sweden. 



CaprifolidcecE. Lonicera Xylosteum, caerulea ; Linnae^w borealis. 



ConifercE. ^^bies excelsa; /uniperus communis minor, communis arbo- 

 rescens. 



On looking at the Flora Danica, Flora Suecia, and Flora Lajiponica, we 

 find the number of ligneous s[)ecies gradually diminish as we advance north- 

 wards, till, in the Faroe Islands, a flora of which has been given by W. C. 



N 2 



