CHAP. III. CONTINENT OF EUROPE. 161 



Chcnopodeoc. Salsola prostmta. 



UricacecB, Encn herbacea, arborea; i?hododendron ferriigfneuni, hirsutiim. 

 CompositcE. ^rtemls/« ^/brotammi, //elichrysum ^tob^chas. 

 Capri fo/idcea;. Lonicer« nigra, Xylosteum, alpigena, cterulea; C'aprifolium 

 etruscum, jSanibiicus racemosa. 

 CornciE. C6rnus mas. 



* Ebenacecs. Z)iospjros Lotus. 



* JnsminecE. ./asminum officiniile. 



* OledcecB. Si/r'mga vulgaris. 



Labidteo. i/yssopus officinalis, Lavandula Spica, Tehcrium niontanum, 

 iJosmarinus officinalis, .Salvia officinjilis. 



Con'iferce. Pinus JMughus, pumilio, Ccmbra; /i^bies Picea, excclsa; iarix 

 europffi^a, /uniperus -Sabina, i^'phedra distachya. 



An extremely interesting account of the indigenous and exotic trees of 

 Switzerland, kindly prepared for us by M. Alphonse Dc Candolle, will be 

 found in the twelfth volume of the Gardener'' s Ufagazinc; and to that we must 

 refer for the geographical distribution of the indigenous species, confining 

 here ourselves to an extract from it respecting the more remarkable native 

 trees, and those which are exotic. 



The exotic trees cultivated in Switzerland have been introduced by degrees 

 as ornamental plants ; those now most common are, the horsechcstnut, the 

 catalpa, the tulip tree, several kinds of limes and maples, and the cedar of 

 Lebanon. Till the beginning of the present century these trees were planted 

 only by proprietors who had some connexions or commercial dealings with 

 other countries, [)articularly with England. There were scarcely any nurser3'- 

 nien or botanic gardens at Zurich, Basle, Geneva, or Berne, but what were 

 reduced to confined spots in the interior of the fortified towns, and which, 

 consequently, could have little influence on the culture of trees in the 

 country. 



This state of things has changed greatly within the last twenty years. The 

 new botanic garden of Geneva, planted in 1818, in a less confined situation 

 than the old one, and confided to the care of M. Dc Candolle, has presented 

 to the public a numerous collection of trees and shrubs, especially of fruit trees, 

 chiefly from the nursery of the Messrs. Baumann at Bollwyller. The sight of 

 this garden, whicli is constantly open to the public, excited the zeal of pro- 

 prietors, and soon made them anxious to form plantations of various kinds of 

 trees. This gave encouragement to the nurserymen, and their establishments 

 became, in consequence, greatly extended, and their number increased. The 

 season of peace antl security which has followed a long period of war, has pro- 

 duced nearly the same result throughout all Switzerland. The number of 

 country seats has greatly increased, particularly near the towns, and, more 

 especially, in the cantons of Geneva, Vaud, Basle, and Berne ; and a number 

 of parks and groves have been planted, which now ornament the country. In 

 the environs of Geneva, for example, the sale of trees and shrubs is four or five 

 times as great now, as it was about twenty years ago. 



The largest nursery in Switzerland at present is supposed to be that of Messrs. 

 Dailledouze, at Sacconex, near Geneva, which may be fairly estimated now to 

 contain nearly 1000 ligneous species, in the botanic sense of the word species; 

 and above 2000 species and varieties, if we count among the number the prin- 

 cipal modifications of fruit trees, roses, and azaleas. The other public and pri- 

 vate gardens of Switzerland contain few varieties, especially of the hardy kinds, 

 wiiich are not in the nursery of INIessrs. Dailledouze. In adding, then, about 

 200 species to those which are to be found in this nursery, and counting 

 about eighty indigenous ligneous plants, which have not been taken into cul- 

 tivation, we shall find that the whole ligneous flora of Switzerland amounts to 

 about 1300 si)ecics. Tiie result of this approximated calculation shows that, 

 from foreign commerce and improved cultivation, five or six times as many 

 species of trees and slirubs arc now grown in Switzerland, as existed there 

 originally. 



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