256 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART TTI. 



CHAP. II. 



OF THE IIAIIDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER WINTER/JV^^E. 



This order, which was formerly.iiichulcd in Magnol/V/rfff, has hccn separated 

 from it by Mr. Brown. It is named \Vinter««'rt', because the Drimys Winteri 

 7u»:sf., previously \Vfnter« aroint'itica jMurr. (named in honour of Captain 

 Winter, who sailed with Sir Francis Drake), is the type of the order. The 

 diaj;nostics arc, calyx of 2 — G deciduous sepals, and 2 to many petals ; the 

 sepals and petals, when more than two, disposed ternarily; carpels whorled, 

 very rarely solitary from abortion ; leaves full of pellucid dots. Illicium is 

 the only genus of this order which contains species that will stand out in the 

 open air. 



Genus I. 



ILLrCIUM L. The Illicium, or Aniseed Thee. Liu. Si/st. Polyandria 



Polygynia. 



Identification. Lin. Gen., fill. ; Lam. 111. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 77. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 78. 

 Swioniimcs. Badiane, or Anis etoili', /■>• ; Stcrnani.s, (it-c. ,.„...„ 



Derivations The generic name, Dlicium, is formed from the I-atin word illicio, to allure, on account 

 of the acreealjle aromatic smell of all the species. It is called tlic Aniseed Tree, Irom its smell 

 bearin" a stronR resemblance to that of aniseed. IJadiane appears to be an aboriKinal French 

 word ; Anis .Ttoile, and Sternanis, signify literally the sUrry anise, and may allude to the starry dis- 

 position of the parts of the flower and of the capsules. 



Gen. Char. Calyx of 3-6 petal-like sepals. Carpels stellately disposed, cap- 

 sular, opening on the upper side, 1-seeded. {Don's Mill.,\. p. 79.) 

 Description. The species are evergreen shrubs, with smooth, shining, ob- 

 long, stalked, leathery leaves; generally attaining the height, in their native 

 countries, of from 5 ft. to 12 ft.; and, in this country, of from 3 ft. to 8 ft. in 

 the open air, and more in a conservatory. They are nearly hardy. 



Geo^raplii/, Histonj, Sfc. These shrubs are found in the southern states 

 of North America, and in China and Japan. One species has been known in 

 Britain since 17G6; but the others are of more recent introduction. They are 

 all sjMcy and aromatic ; and, arc employeil, in their native countries, in the same 

 manner as anise and coriamler seeds are in Europe. Northwanl of London, 

 as well as on the Contuient, they are placed in the green-house during winter, 

 or planted in the conservatory. Wherever they are planteil, in common with 

 most evergreen trees and shrubs having broad shining leaves, they prefer the 

 sliade to the sun ; and, consequently, if they are planted against a wall, it ought 

 to be one facing the south-east, or the south west, and never against one full 

 south. They are all slow growers, ami, to produce any effect, should never be 

 planted near trees or shrubs which grow rapidly. They may all he planted in 

 the open ground, in warm sheltered situations ; but they require protection 

 during winter. They are all easily propagated by cuttings of the ripened 

 wood° planted in sand, and covered with a glass, or by layers; and they all 

 grow in a light loamy soil, or in a mixture of loam and sandy peat. One or 

 more of the species i"s in most botanic gardens; and small i)lants may be pro- 

 cured, in some of the priiui|)al Loiulon nurseries, at from 2.s. Qd. to bs. each. 

 The species are I. floridanum, I. anisatum, and 1. parvifloruin. 



tt 1. Illi'cium florida'mm Ellis. The Florida Illicium. 



IdrnliUcation Lin Mant., 395. ; Willd. Sp., 2. p. ISfH. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 77. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 79. 

 Sym^ymeT The Florida Anise;Kl Tree, red-flowered Anise-seed tree Mor. Hist.; Badiane de la Flo- 

 "ride, fr. ; unachter (spurious) Sternanis, C;<-r. , jj n . r k » ono • f ^r Pi 7Q01 • 



F.ngramnpi. Lam. 111., t. im. f. 1. ; Curt. Bot Mag., 439. ; Lodd. Bot Cab., t. 209. ; E. of PI., 7901., 

 and ouryjg. 32. 



