CHAP. XXIII. 



^SCULA'CES. VA^yiJ. 471 



soon as they appear, so that the entire force of the plant may be 

 directed to the nourishment of the scions. Plants of P. r. h. pendula, 

 in the London nurseries, are 5s. each : but, as they are rather scarce, 

 the readiest way of obtaining pendulous trees is, to procure plants 

 of P. r. humilis, which can be had for 2s. each, and common horse- 

 chestnut trees 12 ft. high, which can be had for 2s. 6d. each ; and to 

 graft the shoots of the former on the tips of those of the latter. 



statistics. In the environs of London, at Syon, there is a tree of P. rQbra 26 ft. high (as exhibited in 

 the plate in our Second Volume) ; at Ham House, Essex, 21 ft. high, the diameter of the head, 32 ft.; 

 in Hampshire, at Southampton, 12 years planted, and 20 ft. high ; in Surrey, at Bagshot Park, 12 

 years planted, and 14ft. high; in Wiltshire, at Wardour Castle, 20 years planted, and 30 ft. high ; 

 in Suffolk, at Finborough Hall, 6 years planted, and 10 ft. high. In France, at Paris, in the Jar- 

 din des Plantes, 23 years planted, and 30 ft. high ; in the Botanic Garden at Toulon, 4« years planted, 

 and 12 ft. high. In Hanover, at Schwubber, 40 ft. high. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 25 years planted, and 

 30 ft. high. 



Commercial Statistics. Plants, in the London nurseries, are Is. 6d. to 2a'. 6d. ; 

 at BoUwyller, 80 cents ; at New York, 25 cents, and nuts 40 cents a quart. 



^ 2. P. flaVa Dec. The yellow-^oit^ered Pavia. 



Identification. Dec. Prod., 1. p. 598. ; Don's MilL, 1. p. 653. 



Synonytnes. .E'sculus flava Ait., Hai/ne ; M. lutea Wangh. ; Pavja liitea Poir.; the large Buckeye, 



big Buckeye, Amer. ; the yellow Pavia. 

 Engravings. Wangh. in Act. Nat. Scrut. BerU 8. t. 6. ; Hayne Abbild., t. 23. ; Krause, t. 44. ; Wats. 



Dend. Brit., t 163. ; and our plate in VoL U. 



Distinct. Char., Sfc. Petioles pubescent, flattish towards the tip. Leaflets 

 5 — 7, pubescent beneath, and above upon the nerves. {Dec. Prod., i. p. 598.) 

 This species differs from P. riibra, in being a much stronger plant, assuming 

 the character of a tree of the second rate, and attaining the height of 30 ft. 

 or 40 ft., or upwards, in England. The leaves are pubescent, and much 

 paler than those of P. rubra, and the flowers are yellow. The tree seems 

 to partake both of the character of ^'sculus and Vkwia. It is a native of 

 Carolina and Virginia, in mountainous woods, and was introduced into 

 England in 1764. In its native country, on the declivities of mountains, 

 where the soil is loose, deep, and fertile.'this tree attains the height of 60 ft. 

 or 70 ft. , with a trunk 3 ft. or 4 ft. in diameter. The largest tree in England 

 is at Syon, and is 40 ft. high, as exhibited in the plate in our Second Volume. 

 The tree in the garden of the London Horticultural Society was, in 1834, 

 12 ft. high, having been planted 8 years. This species is not quite so free a 

 flowerer as P. rubra, and it is one of the first of the genus to drop its leaves 

 in autumn : they generally commence falling about the middle of August, 

 and the tree is frequently naked by the 1st of September. Like all the 

 vEsculaceae, to thrive, it requires a deep rich soil. It is commonly propa- 

 gated by buds, because the colour of the flower is found to vary much in 

 plants raised from seed. A nurseryman, writing on this subject in the 

 Gardener'' s Magazine (vol. xi. p. 249.), observes that there are two varieties 

 of p. flava in ciiltivation in the English nurseries: one, an inferiorly flowering 

 variety, generally raised from seed; and the other variety producing a 

 larger flower, and of brighter colour, only to be propagated by budding or 

 grafting. There are two fine grafted trees of this variety in the Fulham 

 Nursery, with trunks 5 ft. and 6 ft. in circumference, and nearly 30 ft. in 

 height. 



statistics. In the environs of London, at Syon, there is a tree 40 ft. high, already mentioned; in 

 the Fulham Nursery, two, nearly 30 ft. high ; at Kenwood, one, 40 years planted, which is 37 ft. high ; 

 at Ham House, Essex, one, planted by Dr. Fothergill, which is 28 ft. high ; in the arboretum at 

 Kew, the tree is 30 ft. high ; at York House, Twickenham, 40 years planted, and 30 ft. high. In the 

 Isle of Jersey, in Saunders's Nursery, 10 years planted, and 12 ft. high. In Lancashire, at Latham 

 House, 14 years planted, and 25 ft. high ; in Monmouthshire, at Dowlais House, 20 years planted, 

 and 15 ft. high ; in Oxfordshire, in the Oxford Botanic Garden, 40 years planted, and .34 ft. high. 

 In Scotland, in Perthshire, in the Perth Nursery, 20 years planted, and 15 ft. high ; in Stirlingshire, 

 in Calendar Park, 10 years planted, and 14 ft. high. In Ireland, in the environs of Dublin, at Castle, 

 town, 35 ft. high ; in the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, 30 years planted, and 30 ft high ; in Louth, at 

 Oriel Temple, 40 years planted, and 31 ft. high. In France, at Paris, in the Jardin des Plantes, .55 

 vears planted, and 44 ft. high ; in the Botanic Garden at Toulon, 40 years planted, and 18 ft. high, 

 in Hanover, atSt:hwobher, 40 ft high. In Saxony, at Wftrlitz, 20 ft. high. In Austria, at Kopenzcl, 

 12 years planted, and 18 ft. high ; at Briick on the Leytha, 24 ft. high. 



