i88 



ARUOHLITUM AND FIIUTICETUM. 



I' ART 111. 



Genus I. 



\± 



XANTHO'XYLUM L,, and H. B. cl Kth. The Xantiioxyi.im, or 

 Toothache Thee. Lin. Sysl. Dia>"cia Tri-Pentandria. 



hlenlification. Lin. Gen., No. 150. and 1109.; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 72;">. ; r)on'.s Mill., 1. p. 801. 

 Synonijiiu-s. Zantlioxylum (it is thus spelled in many botanical works) ; KampmiinniVi Kafm. ; 



flavalier, Fr. ; Zahnwehholz, Ocr. 

 Derivation. From xanthos, yellow, and rulon, wood ; from the yellowness of the wood, more espo. 



cially of the roots. The French name means club tree, and the Gonnan name, the toothache tree. 



t 1. X. FR.\Xi'nelm Willd. The Ash-/erti;e(/ Xanthoxyluni, or common Tooth- 

 ache Tree. 



hhntification. NVilld. Sp.,4 p 757. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 72a ; Don's Mill, 1. p. 802. 



Sunoni/mcs. Zanthoxylum ramiflfirum Mich. /•'/. S. A.,'Z p. '2j;>. ; Z. Clava llerculij var. Lin. Sp., 

 l+ja. Lam. Diet., i2. p. '3S. ; Z. americinum ^fl/l. Diet., No. 2. ; Z. caribaj^um G<i:rl. Fruct., but 

 not of Lani ; Clavalier k Feuilles de Frene, Fr.; Eschen-blUttriges Zahnwehholz, Ocr. 



Engravings. Du Ham. Arb., 1. t 97. ; Catesb. Carol, 1. t 2f>. ; E. of PI, IJS'M ; o\iX Jig. 158. ; and 

 the plate of this species in Vol. II. 



Spec. Char., S^-c. Leaves pinnate, of ■!• to 5 138 



pairs of leaflets, and an odd one; the 

 leaflets ovate, obscurely sawed, equal 

 at the base; the petiole round and de- 

 void of prickles; prickles in the situation 

 of stipules. Flowers in axillary umbels, 

 without petals : the sexes dioecious. 

 {Dec. Prod., i. p. 726, 727.) A low 

 deciduous tree, a native of North 

 America, from Canada to Virginia and 

 Kentucky, in woods near rivers ; culti- 

 vated in England since 1740, and flow- 

 ering in March and April. In its 

 native country, this tree is seldom 

 seen higher than from 12 ft. to Ijft. ; 

 but its stem is decidetlly that of a tree rising to the height of from 

 3 ft. or 4 ft. without side shoots, and then branching out, and forming 

 a regular head. The flowers are yellowish, with red anthers. The bark and 

 capsules are of a hot acrid taste, and arc used for relieving the pains of the 

 toothache; whence the popular name. A tincture of the bark is also used 

 for curing rheumatism. This tree is common in British collections, but is 

 never seen of any great size. Tiiere is one at Syon, about 13 ft. high ; in 

 the Cambridge Botanic (warden, one about lOft. ; and some at White 

 Knights, from 10 ft. to 13 ft. high. In the Eilinburgh Botanic Garden, 10 

 years planted, it is G ft. high. It is generally projiagateil by seeds or by 

 cuttings of the roots. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 1.*. (Sd. each ; at 

 Bollwyller, 1 franc and 20 cents; at New York, 2o cents, and seeds 1 

 dollar a quart. 



Varieiy. 



'i X. f. 2 vfrginicum, the X. virglnicum of Lodd. Cat., of which there is a niant in the garden 

 of the London Horticultural Society, and several in the arboretum of Messrs. Loddiges, ai>- 

 |>ears to us only a variety of X./rax(ncum. 



a 2. X, trica'rpu.m Michx. The three-fruited Xanthoxyluni, or Toothache 



Tree. 



hl.ntificalion. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 2. p. 'Xix ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 72f>. ; Don's Jlill., 1. p. SftJ. 



.Si/iiont/im: Fapara /raxinifillia Lam. III., 1. t. 334. 



I.nnrarinr,. Lam. Ill, I. t 3>1. 



*>€<:. Char., i(C. Leaves pinnate ; the leaflets 3 to 5 pairs, and an odd one, all on short stalks, oblong- 

 oval, acuminate, tinely sawed, oblique at the b.-i.<e. Petioles .-ind branches prickly. Panicles terminal. 

 Petal'! .i. (0,r. I'rnri.,\. p. 72fi.) A deciduous shrub, a native of Carolina and Florid.!, introduccti 

 in liJtW, and flowering in July. Height 6 ft. 



