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ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. 



PART 111. 



2009 



whole of the sap into the scion. A good workman, it is said, will graft 200 or 

 250 subjects a day, provided he have an assistant to cut the side shoots from 

 the stock, and prepare the scion; leaving him nothing to do but to break off 

 the leading shoot of the stock, make the sHt in it, insert the scion, tie the 

 ligature round it, and fix on the paper envelope. The shoot made by the 

 scion is little or nothing for the first year ; but the second year it is conside- 

 rable, and the third a foot or more, and most frequently from 2 ft. to 3 ft. 

 in length. The future shoots, says Delamarre, are truly admirable for 

 their length, their thickness, and their great vigour. The most suitable 

 stocks are plants sown where they are finally to stand ; and of 4, 3, or 6 

 years' growth, the object being to make the graft 3 ft. or 4 ft. from the ground, 

 to avoid the necessity of stooping on the part of the operator. Grsifting in 

 this manner has been carried to a great extent by M. De Larminat, in the 

 Forest of Fontainebleau. In the Bon Jardinier for 1826, it is stated that about 

 10,000 scions of F. Laricio had been at that time grafted on F. sylvestris in that 

 forest ; and M. Delamarre informs us, in 1830, that the process had been 

 continued up to that time, at the rate of several thousand trees every year. 



The mode of grafting practised by M. De Larminat is described by M. 

 Poiteau in the volume of the Bon Jardinier above referred to ; and we give 

 it here, because it differs, though in a very slight degree, from that just described. 

 The proper time for grafting pines is when the young shoots have made about 

 three quarters of their length, and are still so herbaceous as to break like a 

 shoot of asparagus. The shoot of the stock is then broken off about 2 in. 



under its terminating bud ; the leaves are 

 stripped off from 20 to 24 lines down 

 from the extremity; leaving, however, 

 two pairs of leaves opposite and close 

 to the section of fracture, which leaves 

 are of great importance. The shoot is 

 then split with a very thin knife, between 

 the two pairs of leaves (fig. 2009 a), and 

 to the depth of 2 in. ; the scion is then 

 prepared (b) ; the lower part, being 

 stripped of its leaves to the length of 

 2 in., is cut, and inserted in the usual 

 manner of cleft-grafting. They may be grafted, also, 

 in the lateral manner (r). The graft is tied with 

 a slip of woollen; and a cap of paper {fig. 2010.) is 

 put over the whole, to protect it from the sun and 

 rain. At the end of 15 days, this cap is removed, 

 and the ligature at the end of a month ; at that 

 time, also, the two pairs of leaves (a), which have 

 served as nurses, are removed. The scions of those 

 sorts of pines which make two growths in a season, or, as the technical 

 phrase is, have a second sap, produce a shoot of 5 in. or 6 in. the first year ; 

 but those of only one sap, as the Corsican pine, Weymouth pine, &c., merely 

 ripen the wood grown before grafting, and form a strong terminating bud, 

 which in the following year produces a shoot of 15 in. or 2 ft. in length. 

 (Gard. Mag., vol. ii. p. 200.) This mode of grafting was practised by the 

 Baron Tschoudy, who gave it the name of herbaceous grafting, not only 

 with the pine and fir tribe, but with every other class of ligneous plants, 

 and also with herbaceous vegetables. It is very generally practised by the 

 Paris nurserymen, and especially by M. Soulange-Bodin, though it is, as yet, 

 but little known in British gardens. One of the first trees, that we are aware 

 of, that was grafted in this way in Britain, was an ^'bies Smith/awa, at 

 Hopetoun House, which was grafted on a common spruce in 1826, the same 

 year in which the above account appeared in the Gardener^s Magazine. 

 This tree is now (1937) 10 ft. high. 



By Seed. The number of seeds in a cone varies according to the 



