CHAP. CXIII. 



CONI FERiE. .^'bIES. 



2293 



Genus II. 



^'BIES D. Don. The Spruce Fir. Lin. Syst. Monoe'cia Monadelphia. 



Identification. D. Don in Lamb. Pin., vol. iii. 



Synonymes. Plnus of Lin. and others, in part ; Picea Link in Abhand. Konig. Akad. Wissens. 



Berlin, p. 179., for 1827 ; /l^bies of Tourn., Mill., and others, in part ; Picea of the Ancients; 



Sapin epicea, Fr. ; Fichtenbaum, Ger. ; Abiete, Ital. ; Abieto, Span. 

 Derivation. From abeo, to rise ; alluding to the aspiring habit of growth of the tree ; or, according 



to some, from apios, a pear tree ; in allusion to the form of the fruit. 



Description. Evergreen trees ; natives of Europe, Asia, and America ; re- 

 markable for their tall, erect, pyramidal forms, and profusion of foliage. One 

 or more species are useful, and the rest ornamental. In Britain, they flower 

 in May and June, and ripen their cones in the spring of the following year. 

 All the species bear seeds at a comparatively early age ; and all of them may 

 be readily propagated by cuttings taken off in the spring, according to Dumont 

 De Courset ; or in autumn, according to the practice of British gardeners. 

 All the species hitherto introduced are quite hardy in British gardens. The 

 genus, taking it altogether, is so truly natural, that, without any great violence, 

 all the different kinds of which it is composed might be reduced to three or 

 four species. 



Sect. i. Leaves tetragonal^ awl-shaped^ scattered in Insertion. 



(D. Don.) 



J I. A. exce'lsa Dec. The lofty, or Noriuai/, Spruce Fir. 



Identification. Dec. Fl. Fr., 3. ; Poir. Diet. Encyc, 6. p. 518. ; N. DuHam., 6. p. 289. 



Synoni/mes. A. communis Hort. ; yl'^bies Picea Mill. Diet., No. 2 , Mic/ix. N. Amer. Sul., 3. p. 172. ; 

 A. fbliis solit^riis, &c., Lin. Hort. Cliff:, 449., Fl Suec, ed. 1., p. 879., Fl. Lapp., ed. 1., No. S47., 

 Grnel. Sib., 1. p. 175 ; Pinus ^bies Lin. Sp. PI., 1421., Syst., ed. Reich., 4. p. 177., Fl. Suec, 

 No. 875., Lapp., No. S47., Huds. Angl., 424., Hunt. Evel. Syl., p. 266., Fl. Dan., t. 193., Fall. Fl. 

 Ross., 1. p. 6., Allion. Fl. Fed., 2. p. 180., Vill. Dauph., 3. p. 810., Ait. Hort. Kew., 3. p. 371., 

 Willd. Berol. Baumz., p. 221., Smith in Rees's Cyc, No. 20., Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 1. t. 35., Hbss 

 Anleit., p. 21. ; P. Picea Du Roi Harbk., ed. Pott., 2. p. 156. ; P. foliis solit4riis, &c., Halt. Helv., 

 No. 1656. ; P. exc^lsa Lam. Fl. Fr., ed. 1., 2. p. 202. ; common Spruce, Prussian Fir ; faux 

 Sapin, E'picea, Sapin-Pesse, .Serente, Sapin gentil, Finesse, Fr.; Lafie, intheVosges; gemeine 

 rothe Tanne, Ger. 



Engravings. Nov. Act. Ac. N. Cur., 3., App., t. 14. f 5. 10, and t. 16. f 1. 10. ; Blackw., t. 198. ; Fl. 

 Dan., t. 193. ; Pall. Fl. Ross., 1. t 1. f. G. ; Wood. Med. Bot., t. 208. ; Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 1. t. 3.5. ; 

 N. Du Ham., 6. t. 80. ; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. t. 116.; our fig. 2212.; and the plates of this 

 tree in our last Volume. 



7 I 4 



