2310 ARBOKETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART 111. 



aiaiii object is to produce timber trees ; or by cutting out the largest when fit for 

 poles, if this be the main object. Very little pruning is required for the spruce 

 fir, except in the case of large trees ; when the lower branches may be cut 

 otr close to the stem, to the heighth of a fourth, or from that to a third, part 

 of the height of the whole tree. When pruned, the branches ought to be cut 

 off close to the stem, in order that the wound may heal over as speedily 

 as possible. Hayes mentions a practice adopted by a gentleman in Ireland, 

 of cutting off every other tier of branches, for the purpose of strengthening 

 those which were left; and, by allowing the branches to hang down more 

 freely, thus to increase the picturesque appearance of the tree. {Pract. 

 Treat., p. 166.) At whatever age the trees are cut down, the roots ought 

 to be grubbed up, as they furnish a valuable material for fuel or charcoal. 

 The season of felling, where the bark is to be kept on, should be mid-winter, 

 when the sap is in its most dormant state : but, where the bark is wanted for 

 tanning. May is preferable ; because then the sap is in motion, and the bark 

 easily separates from the wood. 



statistics. In the Environs of London. At Mount Grove, Hampstead, 18 years planted, it is 29 ft. 

 high- at Syon, it is between 90 ft. and 100 ft. high; at Chiswick Villa, it is 60(t. high; at Whitton, 

 between 80ft. and 90ft. high. — South of London. In Somersetshire, at Kingsweston, it is 95 It. 

 high, with a trunk 3 ft. in diameter. In Surrey, at Bagshot Park, 16 years planted, it is 35 ft. high ; 

 at Claremont, it is 95 ft. high, the dian-eter of the trunk 2tt., and of the head 36tt. In Sussex, at 

 Cowdrey it is 80 ft. high, with a trunk .3 ft. 9 in. in diameter. In Wiltshire, at Ixingleat, 80 years 

 planted, it is 99 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 4 ft., and of the head 44 ft. — North of London. 

 In Buckinghamshire, at Temple House, 40 years planted, it is 50 ft. high. In Essex, at Audley End, 

 61 years planted, it is fiO ft. high, the diameter of the trunk '2 ft. 6 in., and of the head 30 ft. In Here- 

 fordshire, at Hafficld, 105 years old, it is 71 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk i> tt. 6in„ and of the 

 head 15 ft. In Hertfordshire, at Aldenham Abbey, 34 years planted, it is 65 tt. high. In Leices. 

 tershirc, at Doniiiiigton, 38 years planted, it is 5-2 ft. high. In Norfolk, at Merton Hall, it is 87 ft. 

 hiKh with a trunk 3 ft. 6 in. in diameter. In Shropshire, at Hardwicke Grange, 10 years planted, it 

 is 28 ft. high ; at Willey Park, 18 years planted, it is 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft., and 

 of the head 20ft In Staffordshire, at Trentham, it is 90 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 3 ft. 

 4in , and of the head 30 ft. In Suffolk, at Finborough Hall, 60 ye.nrs planted, it is 100 ft. high, the 

 diameter of the trunk 3 ft , and of the head 50 ft. In Worcestershire, at Hadzor House, 10 years 

 planted it is 20 ft. high. In Yorkshire, in Studley Park, the tree of which a figure is given in our 

 last Volume, 132 ft. high.— In Scotland. In Ayrshire, at Kilkerran, 55 years planted, it is 95 ft. 

 high, with a trunk 3 ft. 6 in. in diameter, and that of the head 30 a In Aberdeenshire, at Thainston, 

 54 years planted, it is 67 ft. high. In Argyllshire, at Toward Castle, 15 years planted, it is oO ft. 

 high In Forfarshire, at Monboddo, 28 years planted, it is 30 ft. high ; at Courtachy Castle, 14 years 

 planted, it is 27 ft. high; another. SO years planted, is 55 ft. high. In Inverness-shire, f t-oj-'n. 

 40 years planted, it is 60 ft. high. In Perthshire, at Invermay, it is 84 ft. high, the diameter of the 

 trunk 5 ft 9 in and of the head 64 ft. ; at Taymouth, it is 100 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 

 4 ft and of "the head 51 ft. In Stirlingshire, at Sauchie, it is 96 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 

 6in', andofthe head .'JO ft. ; at Blair Drtimmond, 120 years old, it is 98 ft high, the diameter of 

 the trunk 2 ft. 6 in., and of the head 20 ft. — In Ireland. In Fermanagh, at Horence Court, 55 years 

 planted, it is 70 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 6 in., and of the head 60 ft. ; at Castle Coole it 

 IS 62ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2ft. In Sligo, at Mackrec Castle, it is 96 ft high the dia- 

 meter of the trunk 2 ft. 8in. In Tyrone, at Baron's Court, 60 years planted it >s 100 ft. high, the 

 diameter of the trunk 2tY. 6in.. and of the head 50 ft. - In .Saxony, at Worlitz, 60 years planted, 

 it is 80 ft high, the diameter of the trunk 4 ft., and of the head 40 ft — In Cassel, at W ilhelm- 

 shoe it is 60 years old, with a trunk 4 ft. in diameter. — In Bavaria, in the Botanic Garden at 

 Munich, 24 years planted, it is 40 ft. high.- In Austria, at Vienna, in the University Botanic Garden. 

 30 years planted, it is 50 ft. high ; at Briick on the Leytha, 60 years planted, it is 100 ft. high. — In 

 Prussia, near Berlin, at Sans Souci, 40 years planted, it is 60ft. high. 



Commercial Staiistics. Price of seeds, in London, .3*. per lb. ; and of plants, 

 one year's seedlings, \s. 6d. per thousand ; three years' seedlings, 8s. per 

 thousand; and transplanted plants, from 12 in. to 18 in. high, 25s. per thou- 

 sand. At Bollwyller, single plants are 8 cents each ; and at New York, from 

 50 cents to H dollar, according to the size. 



I 2. A. a'lba MicLr. The white Spruce Fir. 



Identification. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 2. p. 207., Arb., 1. p. 133. ; N. Araer. Syl., 3. p. 182. ; Poir. 



Diet Encvc 6 p 521. : N. Du Ham., 6. p. 291. „„, ^ , „. 



sJnoly>7>^s.^ hnuB l\b^' Ait. Hort._Kew.,3. p.jnUJVilld. Berol.Jiaumz.,^v.,^U Lamb-^P.ru, 



Ham , t 81. f. 2. ; Michx. N. Amer. Syl.. 3. 1. 148. ; our^^. 2224. ; and the plate of this tree in our 

 last Volume. 



Spec. Char., S^c. Leaves somewhat glaucous, scattered round the branches, 

 erect, quadrangular. Cones oblong-cylindrical, pendulous, lax; scales 

 with 'entire margins. (Mich.v.) Cones from 1 J in. to 2^ in. long, and from 

 iin. to % in. broad ; on the tree at Dropmore, 4 in. long. Seed very small ; 



