136C AKBOIIKTUM AND 1-RUTICK TU M. 1>,\ H I' HI. 



lobes; roiimlt'd, cordifonn, ami denticulated ; of a dark green colour, a thick 

 texture, and a roui^h uneven surface." {Mich.v. Si//. Amer., iii. p. ol.) They 

 are the worst of all the kinds of uudherry leaves for feeding silkworms. The 

 fruit is of a deep red colour, an oblong form, and an agreeable, acidulous, 

 sugarv taste. The trunk of the reil nnilberry is covered with a greenish 

 baVk.inore furrowed than that of the oiiks and hickories. The perfect wood 

 (which is fine-grained and compact, though light,) is of a yellowish hue, 

 approaching to lemon colour. " It possesses strength and solidity ; and, 

 when perfectly seasoned, it is almost as durable as that of the locust, to which, 

 by many persons, it is esteemed etjual." (Michx.) It, however, grows more 

 slowly, and recjuires a richer soil, it being generally found in valleys, at 

 a distance from the sea. It is a conunon o[)inion among shipwrights and 

 car|)enters, that the wood of the male mulberry is more durable, and of a 

 better i|uality, than that of the female; but Michaux does not appear to 

 credit this supposition ; which, indeed, evidently cannot be depended on, as 

 the n)ale and female Mowers are very often found on the same tree. The red 

 nndberry is well deserving of cultivation as an ornamental tree, from its 

 thick and shady foliage ; and as a fruit tree, fi'om the agreeable flavour of its 

 fruit. Miller mentions a plant of this species in the garden of Fulham 

 Palace, which, in 1731, had been there for several years without producing any 

 fruit ; but which, at some seasons, produced a great number of catkins, much 

 like those of the hazel nut ; which occasioned Ray to give it the name 

 of Cor\\uii. (Diet., ed. I.) On emiiiii-ing for this tree in 1834, we found 

 nothing known about it. It is generally said that no insect feeds on the nml- 

 berry but the silkworm. In Smith and Abbott's work on the insects of 

 Georgia, however, a specimen is given of the red mulberry, with the small 

 ermine moth (Phake'na punctatfssima) feeding on it. (8ee Insects of Georgia, 

 vol.ii. t.70.) 



P Varietij. 



$ M. caiindensis Lam. Diet., iv. p. 380., seems to be a variety of j\I. riibra. 

 (Smith in Rees's Cj/c/opcfdia.) 



statistics. Ill the environs of London, almost the only plants that wc know are those mentioned 

 as in the Hurtirultnral Society's Ciarden, and in the arboretum of Messrs. I.oddifjes ; the latter being 8ft. 

 or loft, hi.^h, and the former 16ft. high. In Durham, at Southend, 30 years planted, it is '20ft. high, 

 against a wall ; di.imetcr of trunk 12 ill., and of the head L'l ft. not trained. In Oxfordshire, in tlie 

 Oxford Botaiur Garden, 4ii years old, it is 12 ft. high against a wall; diameter of the trunk 10 in., and 

 of the head ;50 It. In France, in the Jardin des Plantes, 50 years planted, it is ii) ft. high ; the diameter 

 of the trunk li ft., and that of the head o8 ft. In Italy, at Monza, 60 years old, it is 26 ft. high ; the 

 diameter of the trunk 2 ft, and of the head 30 ft. 



Commercial Statistics. Price of plants, in London, 2s. each; at Bollwyller, 

 francs; at New York, 37* cents. 



t G. M. (r.) sc.v^bka With!. The rough-Zratw/ Mulberry Tree. 



Idfiitificalion Willd. ; Spreng. Syst. Vegct., 1. p. 492. ; Nutt. Gen. N. Amer. I'l. ; Lodd. Cat.ed. 



1836. 

 Synunymc. M. canadensis Puir. 



Spec. Char., Sfc. Leaves rough on both surfaces, heart-shaped, 5-cleft ; the 

 lobis acuminated to the tip, tapered to the base, and serrated with etiual 

 teeth. A native of North America. (Sprciig. St/st. Veg.) A tree, growing 

 to the height of '20 ft. Intrt)duced in 1817; and, from the appearance of the 

 plant bearing this name in the Horticultural Society's (.ianlen (which, in 

 I83(), was 8 ft. high), doubtless only a variety of, or possibly identical 

 with, M. riibra. 



App. i. Hnlf-havdij Species of Elbrus. 



IM. indica L. is near H. {ilha; but its leaves are not heart-shaped at the base. (IfV/drnoir Sp. PI.) 

 This name ocours in Mr. Koyle's list (see p. 17.').). " Rumphius says that the fruit is delicately fla- 

 voured, and black when ripe ; and that the Chinese feed their silkworms with the leaves. I.oureiio 

 mentions tlie same practice of the inhabitants of Cochin-Cliina,who replant the tree every year, that 

 the foliage may he tender." {Stnit/i in Jhxs's Cycloptcdia.) 



M. mauritiiiha .lacq. has the leaves oblong, entire, tapered to both ends, and rough. The leaves of 

 voung plants are tiddle-shaped. \,iyilldenoa' Sp. PI.) " A large and strong tree. P'ruit green, sweet, 

 with M-mc acidity ; IJ in. or Sin. long. The French call this tree la rape, or (he rasp tree of Ma- 



