148i 



AUnoUKTUAr AND I'H U IKK ll.'.M. 



PART III. 



The larvae of Satiirni« Pavonia minor feed on various species of osier. 

 Lozotaj^nia cruciana, a small but beautiful tortrix, lives on a dwarf mountain 

 .Valix. Lfparis (Lcucoiiia jS/r/j//.) salicis is, in many ^cars, very abundant on 

 different willows. Several species of tlie very showy genus of iV't)ctiiid;e, Ca- 

 tocala, also feed, in the larva state, upon several species of tS'alix. These 

 caterpillars exhibit a very interesting instance of deceptive similarity to the 

 plants on which they feed; their colours being of a pale greyish brown, dot- 

 ted with black, and the sides of their bodies being furnished with a nienil)rana- 

 ceous lobe, fringed with short wiiitish liairs, which are applied close to the sur- 

 face of the twigs, so that it is very difficult for an unpractised eye to perceive 

 them, or to distinguish them from bundles of lichens. The colours of the fore 

 wings of the [jerfect insects are also etjually deceptive, rendering it quite as diffi- 

 cult to perceive the moths when settled upon the trunks of the trees. The hind 

 wings of these moths are, however, very beautifully coloured, being either red or 

 pale blue, with black bands. Catocala fraxini (the great ("lifden nonpareil) 

 feeds, in the larva state, on po|)lar, ash,&c. ; C nupta L. upon iSalix vitellina ; 

 and C. elocata E.spcr (the claim of which to be considered a native species is 

 questionable) upon willows and elms. Our Ji<^. 1293. represents the last- 

 named sjjccies copied from CuvtWs Brilis/i lui/omo/oi^j/, pi. 217. ; and the generic 



^/-l^ 



129.3 



details, n to i, are from C. nupta. a, b, parts of the antenna ; c, spiral tongue ; 

 (I, |)alpus ; c, palpus denuded ;/, the head ; g, one of the ocelli; //, hindlcg; 

 /', claws. 



Amongst Cloleoptera, the principal species which feed on the willow are, 

 Galeruca cajirea!, PyrfSchroa nibens (on llie rotten wood, whilst in the larva 

 state), Meiasoma populi and tremula, Halaninns salicivorus, and Tach verges 

 salicis ;_and, amongst the Ilemiptera, y/'phis sahcis L., and Coccus capre'as and 

 C. salicis L. 



Some parts of the preceding article have been furnished to us by .J. O. 

 VVestwood, Esq., by whom the whole has been revised. 



The Sindi/ of the Spccicx. The genus .Salix has been a ttumbling block to 

 botanists from the time of Linn:eus, who observes that so great are the 

 changes effected on the kinds by soil, situation, and climate, that it is difficult 

 to determine whether many of the differences should constitute species, or 

 varieties only. lie recommends rejecting the old names and characters, and 

 ilescribing anew the several species accurately, as seen in their natural places 

 o( growth. For this purpose, he gives directions for observing the developc- 

 inent of the buds, the situation of the catkins, the form and other circum 



