CHAP. cm. ^ALICA CE^. Po'PULUS. 1645 



containing nearly 120 ft. of timber. In Banffshire, at Gordon Castle, it is 70 ft. high, the diameter 

 of the trunk 3 ft In Clackmannanshire, in the garden of the Dollar Institution, 12 years planted, 

 it is 50 ft. high. In Forfarshire, at Monboddo, 16 years planted, it is 25 ft. high ; at Courtachy Castle, 

 U years planted, it is 27ft. high. In Perthshire, at Taymouth, it is (iO fl^high, the diameter of the 

 trunk 3 ft., and of the head 25 ft. ; in Messrs. Dickson and TurnbuU's Nursery, 2S years planted, 

 it is 5-Kt. high. 



Vopulus dlha in Ireland. In the environs of Dublin, in the fJlasnevin Botanic Garden, 55 years 

 planted, it is 60ft. high. In King's County, at Charleville Forest, 45 years planted, it is 120 ft. high ; 

 diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 10 in., and of the head 20 ft. In the County of Down, at Ballvleady, 10 

 years planted, it is 35 ft. high, diameter of the trunk l|ft., and of the head 33 ft. In Galway, at 

 Coole, 70 ye.irs planted, it is .soft, high, the diameter of the trunk 2irt. 



Pdpulus dlba in Foreign Countries. 1 Ti France, at Toulon, in the Botanic Garden, 30 years planted, it 

 is 50 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. ; at Avranches, in the Botanic Garden, 40 years planted, it is 

 60 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2Jlt., and of the head 40 ft. In Hanover, at Giittiiigen, in the 

 Botanic Garden, 40 years planted, it is from 70 ft. to SO ft. high, the diameter of the trunk.from 2 ft. to 

 3 ft., and that of the head 50 ft. In Saxony, at VVtirlitz, 60 years old, it is 50 ft. high, with a trunk 3^ ft. 

 in diameter. In Bavaria, in tlie Botanic Garden, Munich, 24 years old, it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of 

 the trunk 1 ft. ; in the English Garden, 30 years planted, it is .50 ft. high. In Austria, at Vienna, at 

 Laxenburg, 80 years old, it is 45 ft. high ; at Kopenzel, 18 years planted, it is 20ft. high ; in the 

 garden of Baron Loudon, 30 years planted, it is 36 ft. high ; the diameter of the trunk 14in , and 

 of the head.ieft. ; at Briick on the Leytha, 60 years old, it is 90ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 

 U ft., and of the head 60 ft. In Prussia, at Berlin, at Sans Souci, 50 years old, it is 60 ft. high, the 

 drameter of the trunk 2ift., and of the head 28ft. In Italy, in Lombardy, at Monza, 30 years old, 

 it is 70 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft., and of the head 40 ft. 



Commercial Statistics. Price of plants, in the London nurseries, 25.?. per 

 hundred, or, when of large size. Is. each ; at Bollwyller, 1 franc each. 



3f 3. P. tre'mula L. The tvemhWng-Ieaved Poplar, or Aspen. 



Identification. Lin. Sp. PI., 1464. ; Du Roi Harbk., 2. p. 148. ; Willd. Arb., 228. ; Sp. PI, 4. p. 803 ; 

 Spreng. Svst. Veg., 2. p. 244. ; Dill. Diet, No. 2. ; Pall. Fl. Ross., 1. p. 65. ; Smith Ene. Bot., t 1909. : 

 Engl. Fl., 4. p. 244. ; Hook. Fl. Scot., 289.; Mackay Fl. Hibern., pt. 1. p. 254.; Du Ham. Arb.,ed. 

 nov., 2. p. 183. ; Hoss Anleit., p. 153. 



Synonymes. P. No. 1633., Hall. Hist , 2. 303. ; P. libyca Rail Syn. 456. ; P. hybrida Dod. Pempt 

 9S6., Raii Syn., 446. ; P. nigra Trag. Hist., 1033., fig. ; P. pendula Du Roi; le Tremble, Fr. ; la 

 Tremola, Alberalla, Alberetto Ital. ; Zittcr-Pappel, Espe, Ger. 



Derivation. The English name of Aspen is evidently derived from the German, espe. 



The Hexes. Both sexes are described in the English Flora. A male plant was flowering in the London 

 Horticultural Society's arboretum in the spring of 1835. The plant growing in the Cambridge 

 Botanic Garden a fewyeits ago, and perhaps still growing there, was a male one. 



Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 1909. ; T. Nees ab Esenbcck Gen. PI. Fl. Germ., fasc. ]., the catkins of the 

 female, the flowers of both sexes, and the fruit; Black w., t 248. ; Ger. Em., 1487. fig. ; Lob. Ic, 

 2. 194. fig. ; Bauh. Hist, 1. 163. fig. ; Matth. Valgr., 1. 12.5. fig. ; Cam. Epit, 67. fig. ; Dod. Pempt, 

 836. fig. ; Dalech. Hist, 87. fig. ; Treg. Hist, 1083. fig. ; Hayne Abbild, t. 203. ; our fig. 1509. ; and 

 the plate in our last Volume. 



Spec. Char., c^c. Young branchlets hairy. Leaves having compressed foot- 

 stalks, and disks that are roundish-ovate, or nearly orbicular ; toothed in a 

 repand manner, downy when young, afterwards glabrous on both surfaces. 

 Stigmas 4, erect, eared at the base. (Smit/t, Willd., Spre7ig.) It is a native 

 of rather moist woods, as well as of various other situations throughout 

 Europe. (Smith in Rees's Cj/clop.) It flowers in Britain in March and 

 April. 



Varieties. In our opinion, P. trepida, P. grandidentata, and P. grseVa are 

 nothing more than different states of P. tremula; nevertheless, we have fol- 

 lowed the authorities, and given them as species, inserting below only what 

 are considered as varieties of P. tremula. Among the specimens sent by 

 Professor Mertens to Sir J. E. Smith, before mentioned (see p. 1640.), the 

 following approximate to P. tremula : — 



^ P. /. 1 monticola, P. monticola Mertens. — The professor seems to think 

 this the genuine P. tremula of Linnaeus. The specimen is of a male 

 plant. 

 2 P. f . 2 jxirvifolia Mertens. — There are specimens of both sexes of this 



variety. 

 S P. t. .3 grandifolia Mertens. — The specimen is of a female plant. 

 $ P. ^. 4 rotundifblia major Mertens. — The specimen is of a male plant. 

 $ P. ^. 3 minor Mertens. — This specimen is of a male plant. 

 3' P. /, 6 oxyodimta, P. oxyodonta Mertens. — The professor appears to 

 doubt whether this is only a variety of P. tremula. Smith de- 

 scribes the teeth of the leaves of the species as nominally blunt : 

 oxyodonta signifies sharp teeth ; and in the specimen the teeth of 

 the leaves are rather pointed. It is of a male plant. 

 'i V. t. 1 stricta, P. stricta Mertens. — The professor appears doubtful 



