510 



ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. 



TAUr III. 



commonly known by the name of New Jerse}' tea; the leaves having been 

 formerly dried for the same purpose as those of the Chinese tea plant ; 

 and for which, according to Pursh, it formed a general substitute during the 

 war of independence. In Canada, it is used for dyeing wool of a nankin, or 

 cinnamon, colour. This shrub will grow in any soil that is tolerably dry, and 

 is not uncommon in British gardens. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 

 1.?. 6(1. each, and seeds l.v. per ounce. At Bollwyller, plants are 1 franc each. 

 At New York, plants are 1.5 cents each, and seeds 1 dollar a quart. 



a 3. C. (a.) tardiplo'rus Horn. The late-flowering Ceanothus, or Red Root. 



Identification. Horn. Hort. Hafn., 2.30. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 31. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 37. 



Spec. Char., Sfc. Leaves cordate-ovate, serrated, downy beneath. Thyrse elongated, axillary. 



(Don's Mi//., ii. p. ."57.) A native of North America, introduced in 1820, and, in all probability, only 



a variety of the foregoing species. 



* 4. C. ovA^TUs De.^f. The ovate-leaved Ceanothus, or Red Root. 



Identification. Desf. Arb., 2. p. 381. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 31. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 37. 



Spec. Char., S^c. Leaves ovate or oval, serrated, smooth on both surfaces, as 

 well as the peduncles. Thyrse short, axillary ? {Don s Mill., W. \^. 31.) A 

 native of North America, where it grows from the height of from "2 ft. to 

 4 ft. It is generally confounded in gardens with C. americanus, from which, 

 however, it appears quite distinct. A plant of this species was in Knight's 

 Exotic Nursery, King's Road, in 1830. 



Si 5. C. iNTERMC^Dius Pursk. The intermediate Ceanothus, or Red Root. 



Identification. Pursh Fl. Sept. Amer, 1. p. 167. ; Hook. FL Bor. Amer., 1. p. 124. ; Dec. Prod., 2. 

 p. 32. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 37. 



Spec. Char., S(C. Leaves oval. oblong, acute, mucronately serrulated, triple-nerved, pubescent 

 beneath. Panicles axillary, on long peduncles, with loose corymbose pedicels. (Dun's Mitt., ii. 

 p. 37.) A deciduous shrub; a native of North America, in the woods of Tennessee : introduced 

 in 1812, and producing its white flowers in June and -luly. Height from 2 ft. to 4 ft. This species 

 is readily distinguished from C. americcinug by its very small leaves, which are not one fourth the 

 size of those of that species. 



a 6. C. SANGUINEUS PuTsh. The hXoody -branched Ceanothus, or Red Root. 



Identification. Pursh Fl SepL Amer., 1. p. 167.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 125. ; Dec. Prod., 2. 

 p. 32.; Don's Mill., 2. p. 37. 



Spec. Char., Sjc. Leaves oblong-ovate, serrated, pubescent beneath. Panicles axillary, thyrsose, on 

 very short peduncles. Pedicels aggregate. [Don's Mitt., ii. p. 37.) A shrub, from 2 ft. to 3 ft. in 

 height, found near the Rocky Mountains, on the banks of the Missouri. It is readily distinguished 

 by its branches, which, as the specific name implies, are of a blood-red or puri)lish colour. The 

 flowers, which appear in May and June, are white, and arc produced on panicles not longer than 

 the leaves. 



-t* 7. C. microphy'llus Michx. The small-leaved Ceanothus, or Red Root. 



Identification. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 2. p. 154. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 32 ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 37. 



Synonyme. C. Aypericoides L'llerit. J/.S'S. 



Spec. Char., Sec. Leaves oblong, obtuse, entire, minute, sub-fascicled, smooth. Branches straight, 

 somewhat decumbent. Corymbs stalked, loose, terminal. [Don's Mi//., ii. p. 37.) A shrub growing 

 to the height of 2 ft., found in sandy wofxis from Carolina to Florida, and introduced in 1806. The 

 leaves are very small, not being more than 3 or 4 lines in length ; and the whole plant is of a 

 delicate habit ; but it has large red roots, as in all the other species. The flowers are white, and 

 produced in May and June ; and they are succeeded by almost globular fruit. 



App. i. Other Species of CeanblJms. 



C. velut'inus Hook. R. Bor. Amer., i. p. 125. t. 4.5., (fig. 21.5.) is a 

 very beautiful species, discovere<l by Douglas, and described by Pro- 

 fessor Hooker from dried specimens in the pos.session of the London 

 Horticultural Society. The plant grows from 3 ft. to 8 ft. high. 'J'he 

 leaves are broad, sometimes subcordate, obtuse, from 3 in. to 4 in. long, 

 and from 3 in. to .ji in. broad ; and the flowers are white, in terminal 

 panicles. The plant is found on subalpine hills, near the sources of 

 the Columbia, and at the Kettle Falls. This seems a very desirable 

 species, and, when introduced, will probably be found the next in 

 beauty to C. aziireus, which it appears to surpass in robustness of 

 growth. 



C. /tcvigii/us Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., i. p. 125., also discovered by 

 Douglas, and described from dried si)ecimens, is probably only a variety 

 of C. velutinus. It is found on mountains near the coast of the north- 

 west of America, and at Nootka Sound. 



C. tht/rsifiiinis Esch. Mem. Acad. Scienc. Peters., x. p. 221., Hook. 

 Bor. Amer., i. p. 125., was discovered on the north-west coast of Ame- 

 rica by Mr. Mcnzies. The flowers arc surrounded by densely im- 

 bricated, ovate, and acute bracteas, which drop before the blossoms 

 are expanded. The calyx is blue, and the petals white. The whole 

 plant turns black in drying. 



