48 



16 U.S.C. 1802 



(12) The term "foreign fishing" means fishing by a vessel other than a vessel of the United 

 States. 



(13) The term "high seas" means all waters beyond the territorial sea of the United States 

 and beyond any foreign nation's territorial sea, to the extent that such sea is 



recognized by the United States. 



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(14) The term "highly migratory species" means [species of tuna which, in the course of 

 their life cycle, spawn and migrate over great distances in waters of the ocean.] tuna species, 

 marlin (Tetrapturus spp. and Makaira spp.). oceanic sharks, sailfishes (Istiophorus spp.^. and 

 swordfish (Xiphias eladius). * 



* The bracketed dennition is in effect for section 102 until 1/1/92, and is then deleted; the 

 underlined definition is in effect for other sections. 



(15) The term "international fishery agreement" means any bilateral or multilateral treaty, 

 convention, or agreement which relates to fishing and to which the United States is a party. 



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(16) The term "large-scale driftnet fishing" means a method of fishing in which a gillnet 

 composed of a panel or panels of webbing, or a series of such gillnets, with a total length of 

 one and one-half miles or more is placed in the water and allowed to drift with the currents 

 and winds for the purpose of entangling fish in the webbing. 



(17) The term "Marine Fisheries Commission" means the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries 

 Commission, the Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission, or the Pacific Marine Fisheries 

 Commission. 



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(18) The term "migratory range" means the maximum area at a given time of the year 

 within which fish of an anadromous species or stock thereof can be expected to be found, as 

 determined on the basis of scale pattern analysis, tagging studies, or other reliable scientific 

 information, except that the term does not include any part of such area which is in the waters 

 of a foreign nation. 



(19) The term "national standards" means the national standards for fishery conservation 

 and management set forth in section 301. 



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(20) The term "observer" means any person required or authorized to be carried on a vessel 

 for conservation and management purposes by regulations or permits under this Act. 



(21) The term "optimum", with respect to the yield from a fishery, means the amount of 

 fish- 



(A) which will provide the greatest overall benefit to the Nation, with particular 

 reference to food production and recreational opportunities; and 

 I (B) which is prescribed as such on the basis of the maximum sustainable yield from such 



\ fishery, as modified by any relevant economic, social, or ecological factor. 



