50 



the top tanker and bulker ports, respectively, receiving ballast water 

 (no Pacific port is high aaong general cargo vessels, with Los Angeles 

 ranking seventh in this category) . On the Gulf coast both Houston and 

 New Orleans rank in the top five within all three vessel types, with 

 Taapa also in the top five for general cargo carriers reported in 

 ballast. On the Atlantic coast different ports rank high for quantities 

 of ballast water received relative to vessel type: New Tork for tankers, 

 Norfolk and Baltinore for bulkers, and Hiaal and Savannah for general 

 cargo. On the Alaskan coast Anchorage ranks fourth overall for tankers. 

 New Orleans, with an estinated 13,484,000 NT (3,553,000,000 gallons), 

 thus ranks as the number 1 O.S. port in teras of acknowledged ballast 

 received froa tankers, bulk cargo vessels, and general cargo vessels. 

 Norfolk ranks second with an estimated 9,325,000 NT (2,457.138,000 

 gallons) of water received. Los Angeles/Long Beach is third with 

 5,878.000 NT (1.548.853.000 gallons). Houston is fourth with 3,239,000 

 NT (853,477,000 gallons), and Baltiaore is fifth with 2,834,000 gallons 

 (746,759.000 gallons). 



National "invasion hot spots" in 1993 Include the Atlantic coast states 

 of New Jersey. New Tork, Connecticut, Nassachusetts, New Haapshire, and 

 Naine, all with invasions during the 1980s of European and Japanese 

 marine organisms; Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbors and San Francisco Bay, 

 with a great many invasions in the 1980s and early 19908 of exotic 

 aquatic organisms from Asia and the Columbia River, with invasions of 

 Chinese plankton. In addition, many other coastal states have been 

 subjected to red tides and other harmful algal blooms, many of which may 

 be ballast-inoculated. 



It is critical to emphasize that at any moment other sites where vast 

 quantities of ballast water are now released may become "Invasion hot 

 spots", leading to severe economic Impacts. High profile sites at risk 

 for facing potential invasions in the 1990s include the Chesapeake Bay 



