PRINCIPLES OP VEGETATION, ETC. 



125 



hitherto been, although it is by no means in common use, this mode of 

 gi'afting is very convenient on some occasions. Having laid bare the roots to 

 be operated on, shape the graft, a, by cutting its lower extremity into a shape 

 resembling the mouthpiece of a flageolet, with a tooth or shoulder, d, in its 



Tipper part. Cut the root across as at the dotted lines, and make a vertical cut 

 m the separated part to receive the tongue of the scion, with an opening also 

 corresponding to the tooth in the scion. Bring the scion and vertical cut 

 together, so that all the parts cut meet and cover each other, meeting just 

 below the last bud on the scion. This root being already fixed in the soil, will 

 serve to multiply plants which do not even belong to the same species. 



273. Budding.— (droits of this description present the following characters : 

 they consist in raising an eye or bud with a 

 piece of the bark and wood, and transferring 

 it to another part of the same plant, or any 

 ■other plant of the same si:)ecies. Budding is 

 •chiefly employed on young shoots or trees 

 from one to five years old, and which bear a 

 thin, tender, and smooth bark. 



274. The necessary conditions are, that 

 the operation takes place when trees are in 

 full growth, when the bark of the subject 

 can be easily detached from the liher, and 

 it may be performed generally from May to 

 August. The bud adapted for the operation 

 should present well-constituted eyes or gemms at the axil of the leaf 7 i^ 

 they are not sufiiciently so, it is possible to prepare them by pinching tho 

 ncrbaceous extremity of the bud ; thus producing a reflux of the sap 



