50B GARDEN MANAGEMENT. 



•will be less likely to club. Various causes are given as to the origin of this 

 disease ; some asserting that it is the work of insects (of which there can be no- 

 doubt), while others say it is a disease in the plant itself, produced by an 

 inadequate supply of nutriment in the soil. Both these causes probably work 

 together in producing this disease, which is the bane of most old gardens, the 

 only remedy being a judicious system of rotation-cropping and manuring. 



1570. The modern fruit-garden may be described as orchards in minia- 

 ture. Certainly they are more manageable, doubly interesting, and equally 

 pi-oductive with orchards. In the plan already referred to, I have indi- 

 cated two compartments as Fruit-garden. They are intended to be furnished 

 with apples on the Paradise stock, pears on the quince, and cherries 

 and plums on the most dwarf stocks that can be procured. Careful summer 

 stopping, root-pruning, and the pyramidal form, describe the main features 

 of their treatment and training ; and abundance of good fruit is, of com-se, 

 the ultimate object. They may be planted in rows from 7 to 10 feet apart, 

 and the same distance between each plant. On good soils they succeed 

 well on the level of the ground ; on heavy clays, or other unfavourable bot- 

 toms, the ground can be thrown into this form. This is better than 

 raising a separate mound for each tree. The bottom of these mounds 

 may be occupied with a standard gooseberry or currant, which bear admir- 

 ably trained a single stem in this manner ; and the sides can be occupied 

 with salading. A fruit-garden thus formed is quite a scene of beauty when 

 the trees are in flower, and very enjoyable at all times. I am so tired of the 

 old squat bush appearance of gooseberries and currants, that I intend to con- 

 fine them as speedily as possible to pyramids and wire espaher. Trained thus, 

 they look well, alternated with apples and pears, or in a compartment by- 

 themselves ; fruit quite as finely, are as easily protected, much easier gathered, 

 and have quite an imposing, noble appeai-ance. 



1571. Asparagus. — Keep the beds clear of weeds, especially young plants- 

 which are soon overrun by them. Unless seed is wanted, it is advisable to 

 cut off most of the bearing heads, which would, if left, exhaust and weaken 

 the roots in ripening the seed : it is, howevei", as well to sow every year, and 

 some of the seed may be left for the purpose. 



1572. ArtichoI:es.— Cut these down as the heads are gathered, and fork the 

 ground between, — they will come up again before winter. 



1573. Beans.— TuM up the haum of any that have done bearing : lay the stalks- 

 together, and they will soon rot, or dry them, and they will bum. Some may 

 be cut in lengths, and dried for earwig-traps, to place among fiowering plants. 



1574. Running-Beans should be stopped after reaching the top of the^ticks : 

 they will set quicker than if left to grow as they please. Give plenty of water 

 at the roots if necessary, but none overhead. • 



1575. Peas. — Pull up as soon as all are gathered : it is not advisable to leave- 

 them a moi/jent longer. The haum may be dried in the sun, and will be useful' 

 in winter for covering and protecting many things from frost. The sticks: 

 should be tied in bundles, and stowed away. 



