578 GARDEN MANAGEMENT. 



chivalry who attended Saint Louis in his unhappy crusade, and became the 

 parent of an immense number of varieties now common in European gardens. 

 Lastly, in the neighbourhood of Constantinople is found Rosa sulphurea, dis- 

 tinguished by its very double brilliant yellow flowers. 



1824. As we approach the North and West, we find in the Caucasus Rosa 

 centifolia. Of this species, all that can be said of its beauty, and of the sweet 

 odour it exhales, would still be short of the reality ; Rosa ferox mingles its 

 grand red flowers with it, and Rosa jmherulenta is remarked on the decU- 

 vities of the peak of Mazana, a spur of the Caucasus. 



1825. In the frozen regions of Siberia, the home of the Russian exile, 

 Rosa grandiflora and Cacaussea are found, the fruit of the latter inclosed in a 

 soft pulp. In approaching the Fi-ozen Sea, just under the Polar circle, in the 

 plains of Iset and Jemisch, between the Oural mountains and Daeurio, grows 

 the Rosa ruhella, whose petals are sometimes red and much spotted, but more 

 commonly pale and discoloured as the country which sm-rounds them. More 

 northerly still we meet with Rosa acicularis, with pale-red and solitary 

 flowers, befitting the region it inhabits. Ten or twelve more species, 

 including R.osa Jcamtschatica, grow in the Eussian possessions of Northern 

 -Asia, chiefly remarkable for their solitary flowers and reddish-white colour. 



1826. To complete our sm-vey, let us glance at Africa, that land of mon- 

 strosities. Here, on the verge of the vast sandy desert of Sahara, and in the 

 plains round Tunis, we find Rosa moschata rising in numerous corymbs of 

 white flowers, exhaling a light musky odom*. This charming species is also 

 found in Egypt, in Morocco, at Mogador, and in the island of Madeira ; and in 

 Egypt the dog-rose {Rosa canina) is nearly as common as in our own hedges. 

 In the mountains of Abyssinia is found R,osa alTjssinica, which has preserved 

 the name of the country. No other species are known in the northern part of 

 Africa. 



1827. Glancing at Europe as a habitat of the rose, and beginning with 

 Iceland, a country doomed to contend with devouring volcanoes and eternal 

 ice, with only sixty plants to tempt the botanist. Here, nevertheless, 

 is found Rosa spinosissima, better known as the Scotch rose, which grows 

 spontaneously among the fissures of its sterile rocks, its pale solitary flowers 

 affecting a cup-like form. Laponia, only a little more grand by nature— for 

 the turning volcano can almost be seen there also beneath the snow, — has 

 the pretty little Rosa maialis, which is also spread over Norway, Denmark, 

 and Sweden. The P^osa ruhella also, with its blood-red flowers, helps to 

 relieve the oppressive absence of vegetation in Lapland. Other species, of no 

 great importance, are found among the Scandinavian nations. 



1828. Ten so-called species are supposed ' to be indigenous to the British. 

 isles. Pi,osa involuta is found in the great fir-forests of ScotkJid, with dark- 

 gi-een leaves, and great red and white flowers, the leaves exhaling the odour 



■of turpentine when heated, Rosa sahinia, a charming shrub, and villosa, 

 iTvith white flower and red spots, the flowers commonly united together : this 



