590 GARDEN MAXAGE3CEXT. 



be given to pennanent beds, by removing about four inches of the surface- 

 soil, and stirring that which is below it with the spade or a three-tined fork, so 

 as to loosen the earth without injuring the roots ; saturating the soil with strong 

 liquid manure. The drainage from the dung-heap is best ; but when that is 

 not available, old night-soil, diluted with five times its bulk of water, may be 

 poured over the beds. This done, fill up the bed again with some rich fresh 

 soil thrown in as roughly as possible. 



1870. Tea-scented, and other hardy and half-hardy roses, require protec- 

 tion in winter. IMr. McMillan recommends a trench dug across a bed five 

 •or six feet wide, into which a row of roses are placed in a sloping direction, 

 -the heads being a foot from the ground ; a second trench being dug, and the 

 earth from it thrown over the roots of the first row ; and so on to any extent. 



187 1. A general complaint has been raised that the descriptions of roses, 

 and the names given them, are deceptive ; that of the numbers pvu*- 

 •chased, the purchasers would gladly root out three-fourths of them. Listen 

 to Mr. Glenny on this subject: — "We think," he says, "the famihes are 

 badly distinguished ; that the sections ought to be arranged so that all men 

 ■can distinguish them. IIoss roses are understood by everybody. Summer 

 roses should comprise all those which bloom in one month only ; Xoisettes, 

 all those which flower in bunches ; Continicoics Bloomers — call them what 

 you please, — all those partaking of the nature of old China, growing and 

 flowering till the frost cuts them off; ClimMng, all those which make 

 strong long shoots every season. But who cares whether the rose be a damask, 

 a Bourbon, a hybrid perpetual, or a hybrid China, if he can but understand 

 whether the rose he is buying is a summer rose of a month's bloom, or a con- 

 tinuous one that shall decorate bis garden half the year?" 



1S72. Mr. Glenny goes on to say, "The rose-buyer should recollect also, that 

 there are some leading jDroperties in a rose which must not be lost sight of ; 

 and the first of these is continuous blooming. A rose-border in a garden 

 ought never, during the season, to exhibit bare rose-trees : better have twenty 

 of one sort, than plant those that are only of temporary beauty. A rose 

 should be circular, full in the face, thick and smooth on the petals, very 

 double, and very sj-mmetrical, otherwise it is not worth growing. 



1873. Rose-trees, however, that foiTU part of the features of a garden, should 

 be as long in bloom as possible, of good habit, to form a fine head, and they 

 should be out of the way of walks, and apart from the decorations of the lawn 

 and the brilliance of the flower-borders. 



§ 3.— Summary of Treatment. 



I. Provence, or Callage Ptoses. — Prune close, shortening every shoot three 

 or four buds down, one half in April, the other in October ; and 

 keep beds of dwarfs clear from weeds. Propagate by budding and 

 layers in July ; gi-aft in March. 



