594 GARDEN MANAGEMENT. 



growth, affording sustenance to the larvae when hatched. The history of the 

 growtli, however, is very obscure. It is evident that the sap of the plant is 

 arrested in some manner, and diverted from its natural course, producing the 

 excrescence in question. The insects producing this result are verj^ small, — the 

 sixth of an inch in length, black, with the abdomen glossy, and chestnut-red ; 

 legs red ; antenna) black ; the fore wings stained with brown at the apex. 

 The larvse are white fleshy gnibs, destitute of feet ; the pupae somewhat 

 resemble the perfect insect ; the limbs inclosed in sheaths. They undergo 

 their transformation in the cells of the bedequar, the insects eating their way 

 through its sides. They are kept in check by several species of Ichneu- 

 monidse and Chaicedidse. There are several other species which affect the 

 rose, some of them taking up their abode in galls already formed. 



i8So. Among the coleoptera, the rose-chaflers, Cetonia aiirata, maybe 

 observed wheeling round the Roses, with a humming noise, and feeding upon 

 their pollen, their lower jaw being furnished with an apparatus for brushing off 

 the farina into the mouth. The larva feeds on decajing wood and vegetable 

 matter : it appears in June and July, when it is unquestionably destructive 

 to the rose, biting off the anthers. The grub, which appears in March with 

 the first sunny days, feeds on the young leaves, and eats into the buds. As 

 it feeds chiefly in the night in dry weather, it is difficult to catch while 

 feeding ; for on the least unusual noise it drojDs to the ground as if dead ; 

 by carefully moving the soil round the stem of the tree, it may be found just 

 imder the surface. A trap may be prepared for them by laying dry lumps 

 of mould round the stem, with some pieces of tile on the top, in which the 

 insects are sure to burrow. 



§ 5. — Varieties op Roses. 



iSSi. The Scotch or Burnet Hose is well known in its natural state, growing 

 abundantly on all dry soils in Scotland, and many other countries besides. 

 In character it is a compact bushy shrub, gi'owing wild on the hill-sides. 

 In gardens it soon attains a height of three or four feet, extending its 

 branches at the base. The cultivated species were first raised in Messrs. 

 Dickson and Brown's nursery at Perth. Struck with their appearance 

 growing wild on the hill of Kinnoul, Mr. Brown transplanted some of them 

 into his nursery in 1793. One of them exhibited a monstrosity, as if two 

 flowers were growing on one bud, slightly tinged with red. From' the seed 

 of this flower a plant was raised, and by continuing to select seed from its 

 progeny, in 1S03 they had obtained eight good double varieties, — the small 

 ivhite, the lady's Hush, the o-ed, the light red, the darJc-marlled, and the 

 large two-coloured ; and, what was most remarkable, the small yelloxo, and a 

 smooth foot-stalked lady's Hush. From this nursery Mr. Malcolm, of Ken- 

 sington, procured his stock ; whence they soon spread over the kingdom, many 

 new varieties of extraordinary beauty being raised from them. In a mono- 

 graph of the Scotch rose, by Mr. Sabine, a former secretary of the society,. 



