598 GARDEN MANAGEMENT. 



18S9. Banhian Rose. — The flowers of tliis elegant rose are produced in 

 small umbels, each of three, four, up to twelve flowers, at the extremities of 

 small lateral shoots, branches of the preceding year's gi'owth. The peduncles 

 or stalks are slender and smooth, and about an inch and a half long, so that 

 the flowers have a drooping habit when fully expanded. The scent of the 

 flower is agreeably fragrant, not imlike to that of the sweet violet. This 

 delicate rose was imported from China in 1807, and was named in com- 

 pliment to Lady Banks. It was long treated as a greenhouse plant ^ but in 

 1813 two plants were tm-ned out into the open ground at Spring Grove. In 

 two years, although one of them died, and was replaced, they had covered 

 both walls against which they were planted. In 1818 and 1S19 these plants 

 had covered forty feet of wall, each shoot producing at its extremity an umbel 

 of flowers, which began to open in April, and the whole wall was covered 

 with blossoms until the middle of June. This vigorous growth and bloom 

 was produced by planting it in a rich sandy loam, and against a wall with a 

 south or west aspect, nailing its shoots close to the wall ; and when the wall 

 was completely covered to the extent proposed, cutting away all the strong 

 shoots as they appeared, leaving only those intended to produce flowers in 

 the following spring. From August to February the only care required is 

 to nail in all young shoots, only removing them where they are super- 

 abundant. 



1850. Perpetual Roses have been so crossed that their real origin is 

 very indistinctly known. A French author, quoted by M, Boitard, traces 

 their wood and spines to the old Damascus roses, their leaves and foliage to 

 the Bengal, their clustering flowers to the Bourbons, and their odour to 

 Centofolio ; proving, as M. Boitard observes, if all these characteristics bo 

 true, the correctness of his opinion on the question of species. Mr. Paul 

 divides them into groups; founded — I. on the Four Seasons rose, "a 

 branch of the Damask now little known, and chiefly valued as the type of 

 the lovely Damask Perpetuals." II. the Trianons, a group formed by 

 M, Vibert, of Angers, "obtained," as he tells us, "from several varieties 

 which acknowledge the Rose de Trianon as their type." The flowers of this 

 group are produced in small clusters, flowering in the summer ; the leaves 

 gathering in tufts near the end of the shoots. A third group — III. the 

 Damask Perpetuals, " chiefly descended from the old monthly and Four 

 Seasons rose ; the varieties being more remarkable for the delicious fra- 

 grance of their flowers than for their size or symmetry of form ; but"" which," 

 he adds, "are more properly described as Damask roses blooming in autumn." 

 The foui-th group — Hybrid Perpetuals. These lovely additions to the rose- 

 garden have been raised in gi-eat part by M. Lafiaj', between the Bourbons, 

 the Chinese, and the Damask. "Princess Helena was the first introduced 

 in 1837 ; Queen Victoria followed ; and in 1840," says Mr. Paul, " there were 

 above twenty varieties enumerated in the rose catalogue, one-fourth of 

 which, however, were Bourbons." "The others might be called," adds Mr. 



