MONTHLY CALENDAR. 621 



may be sown at the same time^ eithei- on a warm south border or under a 

 fence, the early Hotspm--pea, being the best for the purpose. If the border is 

 eight or ten feet broad, let the drills run across, and sow an inch and a half 

 deep, and three or four feet asunder, and so arranged as not to come in front 

 of the stems of the trees on the wall. 



1947. A little Carrot-seed may also be sown on a warm border^ with a chance 

 of young carrots in spring. 



1948. All the Callage tribes require the greatest attention this month in. 

 weeding and warring with caterpillars, which now begin to infest them. 



1949. Cauliflowers sown in August will require pricking out, not less than 

 four or five inches apart, where some kind of protection can be given theiii,. 

 either under a frame or hand-glasses ; those formerly pricked out and hard- 

 ened off require planting out under hand-glasses to stand the winter, keeping 

 the glasses close till rooted, and then support them on props two or three 

 inches thick for air. Ti'ansplant Callages at the end of the month, choosing 

 the strongest plants, Coletvorts should now be planted out for spring use, 

 and all the late-planted Broccoli Callages, kc, hoed, so as to loosen the soil 

 and destroy weeds. 



1950. Some Lettuces for a spring supply may be pricked out under a frame, 

 though the hardier kinds will frequently stand the winter on a warm bordei-. 

 Lettuce and Endive formerly planted out now require tying up. Small supplies 

 of small salading sow weekly in boxes. Keep winter spinach free from 

 weeds, and thin off where requisite, leaving the strongest plants. Sow also a 

 small patch of Short-top and Salmon Radishes in the beginning, and again, 

 towards the end, of the month. If the weather proves mild, they will advance, 

 and be ready for drawing in November and December. 



§ 4,— Fruit-Gakden. 



1951. Planting fruit-trees should now be proceeded with if the necessary 

 preparations are made. These preparations consist in draining and preparing 

 stations, where planting in the open ground is intended, and preparation of the 

 border where wall-trees or espaliers are to be planted. The most important 

 point in planting, next to soil and subsoil, is to keep the collar of the stem at 

 the surface of the soil, removing all diseased or bruised fibres, spreading the 

 roots out carefully, and putting fine soil over them ; keeping the young tree 

 firmly in its place by stakes, without lifting or treading upon the roots : the 

 autumn rains will settle the earth about the roots better than any other- 

 means. Root-pruning should now be performed either by lifting the trees- 

 altogether, and replanting, or by digging a trench round them, and removing 

 or shortening old roots of over-luxuriant or perpendicular growth. 



1952, Apples and Pears are now ripening fast. Gather on fine days, taking 

 care that the pears especially are tenderly handled. When laid in the fruit- 

 room for a week, it should be carefully looked over : more fruit decays in th* 



