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salmon. Principal examples of uncertainties include the extent to which 

 increased flow, continued spill, enhanced habitat, reduced harvest, and 

 better hatchery praaices improve survival of salmon. Assuming increased 

 survival, additional questions exist with respea to how to improve flow, 

 spill, habitat, harvest and hatchery actions. 



Compounding this uncertainty is the fact that salmon recovery efforts may 

 adversely affect non-anadromous species that are in troubled conditions. 

 The Fish and Wildlife Service has listed populations of grizzly bear, 

 peregrine falcon, gray wolf, bald eagle, and certain species of snails under 

 the Endangered Species Act. It has proposed to list Kootenai River 

 sturgeon, and it is considering a petition to list bull trout. 



Given these uncertainties, persons adversely affected by a measure 

 understandably want to be sure that the measure is really needed and, if so, 

 want achievement of the desired result in the most cost-effective manner 

 possible. They also want to be sure that the measure is part of a 

 comprehensive solution improving all life stages of the salmon Their 

 concern becomes especially great when economic resources, whether from 

 private or public revenues or appropriations, are limited and when ways of 

 life may change. Persons adversely affected by a measure will tend to be 

 more conscious of cost-effectiveness than those who are not. 

 Consequently, BPA and its customers are concerned about the costs of 

 water augmentation and spill to aid smolt migration. Agricultural and 

 other users of water are concerned about foregoing divisions and leaving 

 water in-stream for fish. Harvesters are concerned about reducing harvest. 

 Hatchery interests are concerned about reduced artificial production. 



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