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Pacific Northwest Cooperative Extension bulletins are joint publications of the three Pacific Northwest states - 

 Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. Similar crops, clintiate, and topography create a natural geographic unit that 

 crosses state lines. Since 1949, the PNW program has published over 400 titles. Joint writing, editing, and produc- 

 tion have prevented duplication of effort, broadened the availability of faculty specialists, and substantially 

 reduced costs for the participating states. 



Published and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914 , by Washington State University 

 Cooperative Extension, Larry G. James, interim director; Oregon Stale University Extension Service, O.E. Smith, 

 director; the University of !daho Cooperative Extension System, LeRoy D. Luft, director; and the U.S. Department 

 of Agriculture cooperating. 



The three participating Extension Services offer educational programs, activities, and materials - without regard 

 to race, color, national origin, religion, gender, age, disability, and gender preference - as required by Title VI of 

 the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation 

 Act of 1973. Washington State University Cooperative Extension, the University of Idaho Cooperative Extension 

 System, and the Oregon State University Extension Service are Equal Opportunity Employers. 50/50/50 



