io Quebec and its Environs. 



sons of men," but can they ever compare with the fortress of 

 Quebec for historical memories or beautiful scenery ? Look- 

 ing from the Citadel, having at its feet a forest of masts, the 

 landscape is closed by Cap Tourmente and by the cultivated 

 heights of the Petite Montague of St. Fereol, exhibiting in 

 succession Beauport, L'Ange Gardien, the green slopes of 

 the Island of Orleans, the Heights of Abraham, the Coves 

 with their humming busy noise, St. Michael's Cove especially 

 forming a graceful curve from Wolfe's to Pointe a Ruissemix. 

 Within this area thrilling events once took place, and round 

 these diverse objects historical souvenirs cluster, recalling 

 some of the most important occurrences in North America ; 

 the contest of two powerful nations for the sovereignty of the 

 New World ; an important episode of the revolution, which 

 gave birth to the adjoining Republic. Each square inch of 

 land of these localities, in fact, was measured by the footsteps 

 of some of the most remarkable men in the history of 

 America ; Jacques Cartier, Champlain, Frontenac, Laval, 

 Phipps and Iberville, Wolfe, Montcalm, Arnold, Montgomery, 

 have each at some time or other trod over this expanse. 

 Close by the spot where now stands the English Cathedral, 

 under an elm-tree only recently cut down, tradition states 

 that Champlain first raised his tent. From the Castle of 

 St. Louis in the Citadel, unfortunately destroyed by fire in 

 1834, Count Frontenac returned to Admiral Phipps that 

 proud answer, as he said, " by the mouth of his cannon," 

 which will always remain recorded in history. On the Plains 

 of Abraham, where Wolfe and Montcalm fell, may be said to 

 have been decided the fate of French dominion in Canada. 

 At the foot of the Citadel stands a tower, where now floats 

 the British flag, where Montgomery and his soldiers all fell, 

 swept by the grape-shot of a single gun manned by a Canadian 

 artilleryman. Again, in Sault-au-Matelot Street, the intrepid 

 Dambourges, sword in hand, drove Arnold and his men 

 from the houses in which they had established themselves. 



