ANA 



A N C 



with claws nearly as long as the calyx, but more 

 sprtading : the stamina have six filaments, 

 subulate, of the length of the calyx, from erect 

 spreading ; anthers roundish : the pistillum has 

 a bifid, very small germ ; subulate style, of the 

 length of the stamens, and permanent : the 

 sticma capitate : the pcricavpium is a very short 

 silicle ; partition ending in a subulate point, 

 oblique and longer than the siiicle itself, the 

 valves parallel, making a cell of the lower half, 

 but standing out from the upper, rounded, con- 

 cave, gaping, and oblique, and hence having 

 the form of a sheep's hoof: the seeds are soli- 

 tary and roundish. 



The species are: I. yl. hierochimfica, Com- 

 «ion Anastatica, or Rose of Jericho ; 2. v^. Sij- 

 fiaca, Syrian Anastatica. 



The first rises five or six inches in height, di- 

 viding into many irregular branches. The stalks 

 are ligneous, though the plant is annual ; the 

 leaves fleshy and glaucous. The flowers, which 

 are small and white, are disposed in short spikes 

 at the wings of the stalks, and have little 

 beauty ; they are succeeded by short prickly 

 pods, having two cells, in each of which are 

 two seeds. It is cultivated in some gardens for 

 the oddness of the plant, which, if taken up 

 ■before it is withered, and kept entire in a dry 

 room, may be long preserved ; and afterwards 

 if the root be placed in a glass of water a few 

 hours, the buds of flowers will swell, open, and 

 appear as if the plant was newly taken out of 

 the ground. It is a native of Palestine. 



The second species has the stem hard, a 

 foot in heiglit, dichotomous from the bottom, 

 branches spreading: the leaves rough with tuber- 

 cles bearing hairs, which are simple, bifid or 

 trifid ; one or two sessile flowers in the axils, 

 and others running out into long loose spikes : 

 the calyxes villose, scarcely half a line in length, 

 rather erect : the petals white, one or two seeds in 

 each cell ; the valves tough, so as not to be torn 

 without diflSculty. It has a small, sub-globu- 

 lar, drupaceous silicle, ending in a subulate 

 style; below which it is divided by a deep lon- 

 gitudinal furrow, and transversely striated, sphe- 

 rically gibhose at the sides, and rough with tu- 

 bercles, or hispid with bristles : the skin scarcely 

 any: the shell bony, two-celled : the seeds soli- 

 tary, ovate, plano-convex, and pale-coloured. It 

 is a native of Austria. Flowers iia May and 

 June. 



Culture. — The propagation in these is ef- 

 fected by sowing the seeds on a hot-bed in the 

 latter end of March or beginning of April, pot- 

 ting the plants towards the latter end of May, 

 bringing them forward on a gentle hot-bed, and 

 gradually exposing them to the full air. In this 



way they will flower in June, and with proper 

 shelter and protection frequently perfect seed in 

 the autumn. The seed will, how ever, come up 

 in the open ground where the soil is fine, light, 

 arid dry ; but the plants seldom rise to any 

 size. 



ANCHOVY PEAR. See Gkias. 



ANCHUSA, a genus comprising several 

 plants, chiefly of the herbaceous perennial kind, 

 of hardy growth, and of the Bugloss kind. 



It belongs to the class and order I'ciita?idria 

 Monngi/nia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 AspcrifoUce. 



The characters of which are ; that the calyx 

 is a five-parted, oblong, round, acute, and per- 

 manent perianthium : the corolla is monopeta- 

 lous and funnel-shaped : tube cylindrical, of the 

 length of the calyx ; limb seniiquinquetid, from 

 erect, expanding, and obtuse ; throat closed with 

 five small scales; convex, prominent, oblong, 

 and converging : the stamina have very short 

 filaments in the throat of the corolla : anthers 

 oblong, incumbent, and covered : the pistillum 

 has four germs ; the style filiform, of thelength of 

 the stamina ; stigma obtuse and cmarginatc ; no 

 pericarpium, but the calvx enlarged and erect, 

 contains the seeds in its bosom : the seeds are 

 four, oblongish, obtuse, and gibhose. 



The species that are most deserving of culti- 

 vation are: \. A. officinalis. Garden Alkanet, 

 or Bugloss ; 2. A. nndiilota, Waved Alkanet ; 

 3. A. virgiiiica, Virginian Yellow Alkanet; 4. 

 A. sempervinms, Evergreen Alkanet. 



The first has the stems from a foot to eighteen 

 inches in height and more, the thickness of a 

 finger, slightly angular, hairy and rough. The 

 leaves slightly decurrent, seven inches long, 

 above an inch broad, hairy and rough. The 

 spikes conjugate, terminating the stem ; the 

 flowers sessile, in a double row : the calyx 

 hirsute: the corollas purple, near half an inch 

 in diameter. At first opening they are red, but 

 afterwards become purple. Sometimes they are 

 white. It flowers in June, July, and August; 

 and the seeds ripen in a month. It is a native 

 of Italy, Spain, &c. 



There are several varieties of it ; as. Common 

 Bugloss with blue flowers, with white flowers, 

 with red flowers. 



The second species is in height three feet, with 

 many strong lateral branches, produced from 

 the main stem near the ground. The leaves 

 stiff' and rough, six or seven inches long, and 

 about half an inch broad at the top, closely em 

 bracing the branches at the base, where they are 

 two inches broad ; indented and waved on their 

 edges ; the upper surface beset with hairs, and 

 very rough to the touch. The spikes of flowers 



