BAR 



B A R 



upper branches hear flowers, and are panidccl : 

 the inutr margin ot the w iiigcj seed i> sharp, 

 tlie outur blunl : it lias no touthlct besides the 

 lateral ones at the base. It sends out many 

 branches, which are subdivided into others, grow- 

 in;;' without order, anil hLronnug iiushy up- 

 wards, sending lorlh tendrils by which thev 

 fasten theinsci^cs to the neighbouring trees, and 

 climb to a great lieiiiht. It is garnished with 

 o\al >titl' leaves, ending in a point. The ilowers 

 arc produced in tall spikes at the end ot the 

 branches, which are lirst ot a gold colour, then 

 tailing to scarlet : thev are succeeded bv slender 

 th.a seeds, mostly single. It is a native ol' 

 Caillugena. 



The lilih lu>s slender winding stalks, which 

 rise live or six feet in height : the (lowers grow 

 ill a round bunch at the extremity of the 

 branches, and are o; a brownish yellow colour : 

 the sced^ arc smaller, and have narrower wings 

 than in the thiiJ species : the leaves are ovate 

 with a point, villose beneath, shining and 

 smooth on the upper surface. A solitary branch 

 conies forth from the axils, furnished with 

 leaves, producing at top, in ;i kind of umbel, 

 several lilifonn, simple, onc-Hov\eied peduncles: 

 the Seeds are erect, the outer angle decreasing to 

 an edijc, the inner more blunt, putting forth a 

 small sharp membranaceous angle next the 

 pistil : by the seeds on each side next the base, 

 areihree small appressed loothleis. 



Culture. — These plants may be raised by 

 sowing the perfectly ripened seeds, procured from 

 abroad, as soon as they are obtained, in pots of 

 light sandy mould, which in the autumn and 

 winter season should be ])lunged in moderate 

 Ian hot-beds, carefully preserving them from 

 frost and loonii.eli moisture till the spring, when 

 they should be reiroved to afresh very mild hot- 

 bed just to bring up the plaiUs : when they 

 have obtained a little growth, they should 

 be placed in separate pots of the san.e sort of 

 earth, and plunged in the bark-bed. if the 

 plants do not appear the first year, the pots 

 sliould be left till the folbwing> as the seeds 

 are often slow in vegetating. The after cul- 

 ture is the same as that of other tender stove 

 plants of similar growth. They are only cul- 

 tivated for variety in ihe stove. 



BAKBERKY. See Beubekis. 



BAUK, Tanners, the astringent cortical 

 substance peeled from oak and some other trees ; 

 which, after being ground and made use of in 

 tan-vats, constitutes a material of great utility 

 in forming hot-beds where a reguhu' heal is re- 

 fpiired for some length of time, as in stoves, 

 pits, See. for the culture of various plants of the 

 tender exotic kind. — See lioT-liED. 



B.VKK-Rr.D, that s<irl of hot-bed which i* 

 either wholly or principally formed of ianner'« 

 bark. Beds of ibis kind, from their preserving 

 the most uniform and regular degrees lA lieat,ara 

 lound by iiuieh the most useiul in the propaga- 

 tion and culture of all kinds ol teiuler e.xotic 

 plants thai are brought from warm climates, and 

 whieh stand iii need of the eoiilinued asiljlaiiec 

 of artificial heat in ibis pan of the world. JUds 

 of this nature, with a little trouble in the ma- 

 nagement of them, are found sometimes to sup- 

 port a pretty uniform and regular temperature 

 for a considerable leiiglh of lime. 



These are the kind of hot-beds that are gene- 

 rally em|)li)yed in hol-honses, being formed in 

 pits or ea\ ities, eonslrueled lor the pui|H)se in 

 them, frequently the w hole leiiiiih of the houses ; 

 six or seven feet in width, and three in depth, 

 being inclosed by means of brick-work. — Sec 

 Bark-Pit. 



In these beds the pots of such tender exotics 

 as have been mentioned are plunged and sup- 

 porteil ; and thev at tlic same time affiird as- 

 sistance in supplying such houses or stoves 

 with those degrees of heat that may be |)roper 

 for the growth ai«l sujiporl of various other 

 plants that do not require to be pluiiiied into the 

 beds, the heal of the surrounding air, produced 

 in this way, being sutrieient for their growth 

 and preservation. Thus, by the aid of bark 

 beat, and that of fire during the severity of 

 the winter season, the irardener is enabled to 

 nnitaie, within the hot-house, the temperature 

 of distant climates, and not only to cultivate and 

 bring to perfection the pine-apple, but also va- 

 rious other teiuler plants from diflerent quar- 

 ters of the globe, both of the herbaceous and 

 woody kinds, and lo exhibit them in their 

 nioht healthy and beautiiul states of grovvih in 

 this country. 



Bark hot-beds arc likewise occasionally formed 

 in i)its constructed for them, in the open ground, 

 separately, and detached from hothouses. 

 These are walled round with bricks, chiefly 

 above the surface of the ground, having a frame 

 or coping of wood upon the top, on w hieh glass 

 lights are fixed, ho as to slide with facility. — 

 See Bauk-Pit. 



In these pits, the bark-beds are made to the 

 depth of three feet or more, in order to aiford 

 an uniform and histing heat, for the purpose of 

 raisin j; and prDjxigatiiig diflerent sorts of lender 

 plants from seeds, suckers, layers, cuttingi, iscc. 

 both of the rtove and green-house kinds, as 

 w ell as those of the natural ground. Such beds 

 are of course of great ntihiy where there are 

 large collectinus ol lender exotic pkuits, and 

 as nurtery-pits for young pine-apple planl» 



