C A M 



CAM 



or borders in shruhbory aiiJ other ornamented 

 grounds. 



CAMLILLIA, a genus comprising a plant of 

 the large evergreen exotic kind tor the grcen- 

 liouse. 



It belongs to the class and order Moiiailelpkia 

 Polyaiidiia , and ranks in ihc natural order of 

 C'ulammfeite. 



The characters arc: thai the calvx is a niaiiy- 

 ■leaved perianthiuni, roundish, inibri-ate; the 

 scales roundisi), very blunt, the inner ones gra- 

 dually larger, concave, and deciduous: the co- 

 rolla consists of live petals, obovate, coalescing 

 at the base: the stamina have numerous erect 

 filaments, coalescing below into a crown larger 

 than the slvle, above uncoiniected, shorter than 

 Xhe corolla: tile anthers are simple: the |M-til- 

 Jum is a roundish germ: the stvle is subulate, 

 the length of the stamens: the stii!;ma acute and 

 reflex : the pencarpiLim is a turbinate woody 

 ■capsule, marked with some furrows : the seeds 

 are kernels, equal in number to the streaks of 

 the capsule, roundish, and often filled with 

 smaller seeds. 



The species cultivated is C. Japonka, Japan 

 Rose. 



It has a tree-like stem, branching upwards to 

 a considerable height in its native situation: the 

 bark is ash-coloured ; branches round and 

 smooth : the le;'.ves are alternate, ovate, ever- 

 green, shining on both sides, thick and stiflT, 

 paler green beneath, on short petioles: the 

 flowers coming out IVom the sides ol the branches 

 are large, spreading, and roseaeeou>, being suc- 

 ceeded by a ligneous capsule inclosing a sort of 

 nut. 



There are varieties with single red and purple 

 flowers, with double red and purple flowers, 

 with sinerle white flowers, and with double white 

 flowers. 



It is in high estimation with the .lapanesc for 

 the elcganet- of its large flowers, which exhibit 

 a great varietv of colours, but liavc no scent, as 

 well as for its evergreen leaves. It flowers in 

 its native climate from October to April, and is 

 also a native of China. 



Culture. — It is capable of being increased both 

 by layers and cuttings, but the former is the 

 best method. The bratiches may be laid down 

 in the autumn, and be taken off in the May fol- 

 lowing, and planted out in pots, which should 

 be plunged in a moderate hotbed. 



In the latter mode the young shoots may 

 be cut in the early spring, and planted in pots 

 of light earth, plunging theni in a slight hot- 

 bed." 



When planted out in the open ground it should 

 have a warm southern aspect against a wall. 



and be well protected from frosts during the 

 winter. 



CAMOMILE. See Antiii.mis. 



CAMPANULA, a genus comprising various 

 plants of the annual, biennial, and perennial her- 

 baceous flowciy kind. 'I'lie Hcll-flower. 



It belongs to the class and order 1't.iilandiia 

 ]\Io/i()gi/niti, and ranks in the natural order ol 

 CnmlMiiiiitca;. 



The characters are : that the calyx is a five- 

 parted pcrianlliium, acute, ercet-ex|)and.ng, su- 

 perior : the corolla is inonopetalous, bell-form, 

 impervious at the base, half-five-cleft, inarces- 

 ccnt : divisions broad, acute, spreading : the nec- 

 tary in the bottom of the corolla, composed of 

 live valves, acute, converging, covering the re- 

 ceptacle: the stamina consist of fivecapnlary tila- 

 iiients, vcrv short, inserted on the tips ot the 

 \ alves of the nectary : the anthers are longer 

 than the fihuncnts, and compressed: the pistil- 

 luni is an angidar inferior germ : the style fili- 

 form, longer than the stamens: the stigma three- 

 parted, oblong, thickish : divisions revolute : 

 the pericarpium is a roundish angular capsule, 

 three- or ti vc-eclled, emitting the seeds at so many 

 lateral openings : the seeds are numerous and 

 small: the receptacle is columnar and adiiate. 



The species mostly cultivated for the purposes 

 of ornament and use are : t . C. p-rskifulla, 

 reach-leaved Bell-flower; 9. C. pijramidalis, 

 Pvramidal or Steeple Bell-flowery 3. C. Carpa- 

 t'icu, Carpathian or Heart-leaved Bell-flower; 

 4. C. lat'ifoUa, Broad-leaved Campanula, or 

 Giant Throat-wort; 5. C. Trac/itliiini, Great 

 Throat-wort, or Nettle-leaved Campanula; 6. 

 C. grand'tjiora, Grcat-flowercd Bell-flower; 7- 

 C. mtdium, Small Pyramidal Campanula, or 

 Canterbury Bells; 8. C. Speculum, Venus's 

 Looking-glass; g. C.y/wenVa»rt, American Bell- 

 flower; 10. C. fiuticosa, Shrubby Cape Bell- 

 flower; 11. C. kapu/iciiluu i:sculent Rainpion. 



There are other species in this extensive genus 

 deserving of attention. 



The first has lie root like that of Navcw, and 

 eatable : the stem is very straight, eighteen inches 

 high and more, (in gardens two feet and a half,) 

 nnbranched, angular, smooth, as is the whole 

 plant: the flowers are in a thin spike, one or 

 two together, on very long peduncles, which 

 have two stipules at the base: the corolla is 

 large, broad bell-form, deep blue; the segments 

 short, and moderately acuminate. It is a peren- 

 nial plant, native of most parts of the continent 

 of Kurope, flowering in June and July. 



There are varieties with single blue and 

 white flowers, and with double blue and white 

 flowers. 



The second species, as it appears in the gar- 

 2 G 2 



