CAR 



CAR 



Hve very short sharp teeth : the corolla is mono 



fietalous, timnel-form : the tube slender, very 

 ong, irradually slenderer downwartls : the bor- 

 der tive-partcd, divisions lanceolate-linear, ob- 

 tuse, obliquely and ^pirallv revolute: the stamina 

 consist of teii filaments, in the top ot" the tube 

 of the corolla; the live alternate ones inferior: 

 the anthers are oblong, fixed to the filaments on 

 the inner side. 



In the female, or rather the hermaphrodite, the 

 calyx is a very small, five-toothed, permanent 

 perianthium ; the teeth ovale, acute, sprcad- 

 mg: the corolla is five-parted ; parts lanceolate, 

 sharp, erect below the middle, but reflected and 

 twisted above : the stamina consist of ten fila- 

 ments, five alternate, shorter, subulate, allimited 

 by a membrane at the base: the anthers arc 

 ovate, erect, two-valved, and fertile: the germ 

 ovate : there is no style : the stismas three or five, 

 broad, fiat-expanding, multihd: the segments 

 very short and blunt : the pericarpium is a very 

 large berry, angulated with three or five furrows, 

 unilocular, and fleshy: the seeds are numerous, 

 ovate, green, very smooth, tunicated, nestling 

 in the middle of the berry. 



The species are : I. C. papaya, Comtnon 

 Papaw Tree ; 2. C.posoposa, Dwarf PapawTree. 



The first rises with a thick, soft, herbaceous 

 stem, to the height of eighteen or twenty feet in 

 its native situation, nadced till within two or 

 three feet of the top, and having marks of the 

 fallen leaves great part of its length : the leaves 

 come out on every side the stem upon very long 

 foot-stalks; those which are situated undermost 

 are almost horizontal, but those on the top are 

 erect : these leaves (in full-grow n plants) are 

 ver)' large, and divided into many parts (or 

 lobes) which are deeplv sinuatcd, or cut into 

 irregular divisions. The stem of the plant, and 

 also the foot-stalks of the leaves, are hollow in 

 the middle. The flowers of the male are pro- 

 duced from between the leaves on the upper part 

 of the plant on every side ; they have peduncles 

 near two feet long, at the ends of which the 

 flowers stand in loose clusters, each having a 

 separate short pedicel ; these are of a pure white, 

 and have an agreeable odour. Sometimes these 

 are succeeded bv small fruit, about the size and 

 shape of a Catherine Pear. The flowers of tlie 

 female Papaw also come out between the leaves, 

 tow ard the upper part of the plant, upon very 

 short peduncles, smglv, sitting close to the 

 stem; they are large and bcll-shapcd, composed 

 of six petals, which are conmionh. yellow, but 

 those of the pyramidal sort purple: when these 

 fall away, the germ swells to a large fleshy fruit, 

 the size of a small melon, of ditferent fomis, 

 some being angular, and compressed at both 



ends; others oval and globular, and some pyra- 

 midal. The fruit, when half ripe, is licrc some- 

 times used as a pickle instead of mango ; and 

 the tender foot-stalks of the female tree pre- 

 served as a sweetmeat. 



It is a native of America. 



There arc varieties in the female, with melon- 

 shaped fruit, w ith gourd-shaped fruit, with pear- 

 shaped fruit, and w ith pyramidal fruit. 



The second species, according to Brown, sel- 

 dom rises above four or live f<.cl in height. It 

 differs from the other in having a branching: 

 stalk, the lubes or divisions of the leaves bein^ 

 entire, and in the fru't beini^ ^liapid like a pear; 

 of diflerent sizes; yellow v.iiliin and withonl, 

 and of a sweet flavour; the flower of a rose- 

 colour, and divided only into five parts. 



Culture. — These plants are easilv increased by 

 seeds, w hich should be sown on a hotbed earlv in 

 the spring; and when the plants are altout two 

 inches high, removed into separate small pots 

 filled with light, mellow, loamy soil, being 

 ])lunged into a bark hotbed, carefully shading 

 them till they have taken root. 



In the autumn thty should be placed in the 

 stove, but little water given during the winter, 

 as they are apt to be injured by moisture. Great 

 care is also necessary', in shifting them from small 

 pots into larger ones, to preserve the whole ball 

 of earth to their roots; as, when they are left 

 bare, they rarely survive. As the plants ad- 

 vance in growth they must be removed into 

 larger pots. 



These are ver\' ornamental plants in the stove 

 at almost all seasons, but the fruit seldom ripens 

 so fullv as to be eaten. 



CAllXATION. See Dianthus. 



C A ROB-TREE. See Cerato.nia. 



C A ROTA. See Daicus. 



CARPINUS, a genus furnishing plants of 

 the hardy deciduous forest-tree kind. The 

 Hornbeam. 



It belongs to the class and order yfonnecta 

 Poli/arulria, and ranks in the natural order of 

 ^7nenlace£B. 



The characters are : that the male flow crs arc 

 disposed in a cylindric ament : the cah x is a 

 common ament, on all sides loosely imbricate, 

 consisting of scales, ov.ile, concave, acute, 

 ciliaie, uniflorous: there is no corolla: the sta- 

 mina consist of, generally, ten very small fila- 

 ments : the anthers are didyraous, compressed, - 

 villose at the tip, and bivalve. 



The female flowers are disposed in a long 

 ament, upon the same plant : the calyx is a com- 

 mon loosely imbricate ament, consisting of lan- 

 ceolate scales, which arc villose, reflected at ihc 

 tin, and uniflorous: the ccjrolla is caiveitbrn.. 

 2 H 2 



