CAS 



pretfv long peduncle ; they are of a deep yellow 

 colour, and are succeeded by cylindrical pods, 

 from one to two feet long, havini: a dark-brown 

 woodv shell. It is a native of the lia^t and 

 West Indies. 



The sixth in its native state rises with a strong 

 upright trunk to the height of twcnty-tive or 

 thirty feet, dividing into many branches covered 

 with an ash-coloured bark: the leaves are on 

 long foot-stalks, composed of two pairs of 

 Icafitls, four iuches long, and near two broad, 

 smooth, of a dark -green on tlieir upper side, but 

 paler underneath. The tlowcrs are produced 

 sometimes from the side of the stalks, where 

 they are few and scattering ; but the ends of the 

 branches have large round bunches of flowers, 

 which branch out from one centre ; they arc of 

 a deep yellow inclining to orange-colour, and 

 are succeeded by compressed pods, near nine 

 inches long, having a border on each side. It 

 is native of La \"era Cruz. 



The seventh species rises to a great magnitude, 

 with alaree trunk, dividing into many branches: 

 the leavesare very long, composed of twelve or 

 fourteen pairs of smooth leaflets, of a light- 

 green, and placed near together: the flowers 

 come out in loose spikes at the ends of the 

 branches; they are of a pale carnation colour, 

 and succeeded by large cylindrical pods two feet 

 lonff, and the thickness of a slender arm. It is 

 sometimes called Horse Cassia, and is a native 

 of the East Indies. 



Cullvre. — The first sort may be raised by 

 seeds, or bv slips made from the roots. In the 

 first mode, the seeds should be sow n in the be- 

 ginning of April, either in pots under the pro- 

 tection" of a frame, or im a warm border where 

 the soil is of a dry sandy quality, and covered 

 in lisThtlv. Thev are usually procured from 

 America. When the plants are sufficiently 

 strong, as in the beginning of the autumn, they 

 should be removed into other pots of larger 

 sizes, or planted out in the borders where they 

 are to remain, as this sort is capable of succeed- 

 in"- in the open air. The slips may be planted 

 out cither in the full ground, or in pots, in the 

 early autumn or in the spring, as above ; a little 

 water and shade being given till they become 

 perfectly rooted. 



The three foliowins: shrubby sorts are likew isc 

 increased by sowing the seeds procured from 

 their native situations, in the early spring, in 

 pots of light sandy earth, plunging them in a 

 moderate hotbed. ' When the plants have at- 

 tained a sufficiently strong growth they sliould 

 be removed into separate small pots, replungiug 

 them into a bark hotbed in the stove, air being 

 rather freely given, and proper shade as well as 

 water occasionally. These should be constantly 



CAS 



kept in the stove, as they are much injured by 

 being placed in the open air, even ui the summer 

 season, but son)e of thcin will answer well in 

 the greenhouse. 



Ine lObl lliitv. .ivj.i.-, ..l.:^l. u.w -r .»,_ ,.„a 



kind, are increased in the vaine manner as the 

 above, and require the same sort of management. 

 When retained in the stove, many of them 

 flower and ripen seeds in the autumn, producing 

 a fine effect; and, from their not losing their 

 leaves, afford variety in the winter. It is ob- 

 served by Martvn, that all the species contract 

 their leaves in the evening as the sun declines, 

 and open them aa:ain as it rises; and that " the 

 under surface ot the leaflets is turned outward, 

 the upi)er surfaces being clapped close together." 

 But ♦' most plants whose under surface is thus- 

 turned outward grow on dry sandy land, where the 

 roots do not find a sufficient supplv of moisture ;. 

 the lower surface of the leaves being generally 

 covered with a short soft down that retains the 

 niehtiv dews and inhales them." Those plants 

 which have the upper surface of the leaves turned 

 outwards do not stand in need of this supply; 

 and of course that surface being smooth, the 

 moisture is cast oft" and not imbibed. 



CASSINE, a genus comprehending plants 

 of the evergreen shrubby exotic kind for the 

 greenhouse. Hottentot-Cherry, or Cape Phil- 

 lyrca. 



It belonjrs to the class and order Pentandria 

 T'igi/Jiia, and ranks in the natural order of 



DUIKOSCE. 



The characters are : that the calyx is a quin- 

 quepartite interior perianth, very small, obtuse, 

 and permanent : the corolla is quinquepartite, 

 and spreading: divisions subovate, obtuse, larger 

 than the caKx: the stamina consist of five 

 subulate filaments, spreading: the anthers arc 

 simple: the pistillum is a superior conic germ : 

 there is no style: the stigmas three, reflex, and 

 obtuse : the pericarpium is a roundish trilociilar 

 berrv, umbilicated with the stigmas: the seeds 

 are solitary and subovate. 



The species cultivated are: 1. C. Copensis,. 

 Cape Cassine, or Phillyrea. 2. C. Maiirocinia, 

 Great Hottentot Cherry. 



The first has a woody stalk, which in this 

 climate seldom rises more than five or six feet 

 high, sending out many branches, cos'ered with 

 a dark purplish bark ; the leaves are sliif, oppo- 

 site, about an inch and half long, and a little 

 more in breadth, of a light-green, on short foot- 

 stalks : the flowers are produced in roundish 

 bunches from the side, and at the end of the 

 branches; are white, and have five small petals 

 spreading open, being succeeded by red-berried 

 fruit. It is a native of the Cape. 



The second species rises to a considerable height 



