C I T 



C I T 



wards have plenty of air admitted, and be fre- 

 quently watered in warm weather. They re- 

 quire to be kept in the bark stove the first wi«- 

 ter; but afterwards they will bear being exposed 

 in the open air, in a warm situation, a little in 

 the summer, and in the dry stove iii winter. 



The cuttinsrs niav be planted in small pots of 

 the same sort of earth during the early summer 

 Vnonths, plunging them in a tan hot- bed. They 

 afterwards require the same management as the 

 ■seedling plants. 



These plants afi'ord variety in the stove in the 

 winter season, by thei nine evergreen leaves. 



CITRUS, a genus comprehending plants of 

 the Citron, Lemon, and Orange Tree kind. 



It belongs to the class and order Pulijadcl- 

 phia Icosumlria, and ranks in the natural order 

 of Bi comes. 



The characters are : that the calyx is a one- 

 leafed, five-cleft perianthium, flat at the base, 

 very small, withering: the corolla has five pe- 

 tals, oblong, flat, spreading: the stamina have 

 usually twenty filaments, subulate, compressed, 

 erect, placed in a ring or cylinder, united gene- 

 rally into fewer or more bunches: anthers ob- 

 long: the pistillum is a superior, roundish 

 germ : style cylindric, the length of the stamens : 

 siisnna globular, nine-celled v\ithin: the peri- 

 carpium is a berrv with a fleshy rind, the pulp 

 bl.iddery, nine-celled : the seeds in couples, 

 sub-orate, callous. 



The species usually cultivated are: 1. C. Me- 

 dica, Citron Tree; 2. C. aurantium, Orange 

 Tree; 3. C. decumana. Shaddock Orange. 



The first, in it.s wild state, is a tree that grows 

 to the height of about eight feet, erect and 

 prickly, with long reclining branches. The 

 leaves are ovate-oblong, alternate, subserrate, 

 smooth, pale screen : the flowers white, odorife- 

 rous, on many-flowered, terminating peduncles : 

 the fruit a berry, half a foot in length, ovate, 

 with a protuberance at the tip, nine-celled or 

 thereabouts; the pulp white, commonly acid; 

 the rind yellow, thick, hardisb, odoriferous, ir- 

 regular. The fruit is esculent both in the raw 

 and prescr^•ed state. It is a native of all the 

 warmer parts of Asia. 



Martyn says there are several varieties of the 

 Citron which are procured from Genoa, which is 

 the great nursery of this, as well as Lemons and 

 Oranges ; the cultivators of them there being as 

 fond of introducing a new variety into their col- 

 lections as nurserymen are here of obtaining a 

 new Pear, Apple, or Peach. 



The Citron Tree with sweet fruit, with sour 

 fruit. The conunon Lemon and the Lime. 



The first of the two latter varieties, or iheLc- 

 monTree, diflerSj according to Martyn, from the 



Orange, both in The naked footstalks of ifac 

 leaves, and in the shape and colour of the frml ; 

 but there is scarce any distinction hetwetii it 

 and the Citron. 



The most remarkable sub-varieties cultivat- 

 ed in this climate are, according to the same 

 author: tiie S'.veet Lemou; plain and variegated, 

 the Pear-shaped, the Imperial, the I>cmon called 

 Adam's Apple, the Furrowed, the Childiug, 

 and the Lemon with double flowers. 



The second. Sour Lemon or Lime, grows in itsi 

 native climate to the heigiit of about eitjht 

 feet, with a crooked trunk, and many difluscd 

 branches, which have prickles on them : the 

 leaves ovale-lanccolatc, almost (|uile entire : the 

 petioles usually linear: the flowers iew together, 

 on termiiiatin<r peduncles: corolla oblong, whitc> 

 with a purplisli spot. It is a native of A^ia, but 

 common in the West Indies. 



There is another sub-variety-, the Sweet Lime, 

 which the same w ritersays is generally a more up- 

 right tree, and bears a fruit which in size and 

 form seems to hold a mean between the Lime 

 and the Lemon, 



These two last sub-variclics are however but 

 little cultivated here. 



The Second S|)ecies is a middle-sized ever- 

 green tree, with a greciiisli-brow a bark, dividing 

 upwards into a branchy regular head: in its na- 

 tive country the branches are prickly : the leaves 

 are broad-lanceolate, almost quite entire, smooth, 

 with the petioles conmionlv winged: ])eduncles 

 many-flowered, terminating: the corolla white: 

 the stamens twenty, connected in several par- 

 cels : the berrv, or fruit, sub-globular, flatted, of 

 a golden colour, shining, odorous, three inches 

 in diameter, divided within into about nine 

 cells, filled with a bladdery pulp, having a sweet- 

 acid juice in it: the rind is fleshy, of a middling 

 thickness, covered with a pellicle which is some- 

 what biting and bitterto the taste. It is a native 

 of India. 



There are numerous varieties, but those most 

 know II in garden culture are : the Seville, the 

 China, the Willow-leaved or Turkey, the Yel- 

 low and White Striped-leaved, tlie Curled- 

 leaved, the Horned, the Double-flowering, the 

 Hermaphrodite, and the Dwarf or Nutmeg 

 Orange. 



The first affords a large, rouiih-rinded, sour 

 fruit, of excellent quality for cinmarv uses. It 

 is a handsome grower, and the hardiest of the 

 Oranae tribe, as it shoots freely here, produ- 

 cing large and beautiful leaves, and flowers 

 stronircr and more abundantly, and generally 

 bears a greater quantity of fmit than any otticP 

 sort, and arrives to greater perfection. 



The second has moderate-sized leaves, and a 

 3 M 2 



