COR 



COR 



CORYLL'S, a genus comprising plants of 

 the hardy deciduous shrubbv-tree kind. Tlie 

 Ilnzcl or Nut Ttrec. 



It belongs to tlie class and order J^Io/waia 

 Puli/andria, and ranks in the nauirai order of 

 jiiiictilacice. 



The characters are: that the male flowers arc 

 disposed in a long anient : the calyx is an anient 

 conuuon imbricated on every side, cylindric, 

 permanent: the scales one-llowered, narrower 

 at the base, wider at the top, and more obtuse, 

 inficx, threc-clelt; middle division equal in 

 length to the others, but as wide again, and 

 covering the others : there is no corolla : the 

 stamina consist oF eight filaments (six or eight), 

 verv short, growing to the interior side ot the 

 calycine scale ; anthers ovate-oblong, shorter 

 than the calyx, erect; fem.-.le flowers remote 

 from the males, on a very small subglobular 

 anient, in the same plant, sessile, included 

 within the bud : the calyx is a two-leaved peri- 

 anth (one-leafed), leathery, lacerated on the 

 margin, erect, length of the fruit ; during the 

 time of florescence scarcely visible, on account 

 of its smallness: there is no corolla: thepistil- 

 lum is a roundish germ, very small: styles two, 

 setaceous, much longer than the calvx, colour- 

 ed ; stigmas simple: there is no pericarpium : the 

 seed is an ovate nut, scalped as it were at the base, 

 hut little compressed at the tip, slightly pointed. 



The species cultivated are: 1. C. avellana, 

 Common Hazel-nut Tree; 2. C. rostrata, Ame- 

 rican Cuckold-nut Tree; 3. C. Coluriia, Con- 

 stantinople or Bvzantine Hazel-nut Tree. 



The first is properlv a shrub : the stem is co- 

 vered with a whitisii cloven bark, which is 

 smooth on the branches, frequently of a bay 

 colour, and spotted with w hite ; on the shoots 

 it is sometimes smooth, sometin)CS hairy, ash- 

 coloured and green, with white tubercles: the 

 leaves are ahernate, gash-serrate, wrinkled, with 

 liairs on both sides standing out, dark ^reen 

 above, bright green beneath, on very Iiairv 

 round petioles, half an inch in length. Tlie 

 male catkins appear in autumn, and wait for 

 the expansion of the female germs in the spring: 

 the styles are of a bright red colour, long and 

 setaceous : the flowering branches, especially 

 those which bear the fertile flowers, are set with 

 short line hairs terminating in globides : the 

 catkins are in pairs of a yellowish green colour. 



There are several varieties and sub-varieties of 

 this plant, as, with white-skinned kernels, with 

 rcd-skinncd kernels ; great cob-nut with large 

 round fruit; cluster-nut with the fruit in clusters 

 at the ends of the branches ; long nut, which 

 is rounded and broadish at top; Barcelona or 

 Spanish nut, which is large, roundish, and well 

 kcrnelled ; the filbert, w hich ha& the tree more 



erect than the common hazcl, and of which 

 there are wliitc-bkinned and Md-akinned sub- 

 varieties. 



The s< cond species has an upright stem divid- 

 ing into a branchy head : the leaves are ol)l(.n<', 

 heart siiapcd and acute, the length of the calvx- 

 being such as to cover the init enlirelv even 

 after it is ripe, and rostrated. It is a naii\e of 

 N'irginia. 



The third has the stem upright and slirubbv, 

 branching to the heinlit of lour or five I'eel : the 

 leaves are a iilile laciniaied at top: the raceme 

 of nuts very large : the nuts roundish, and in 

 shape like those of theconniion hazel, but more 

 than twice their size : the cups or involucres 

 very large, so as almost to co\er the mil, and 

 deeply cut at the brim. It is a native of Con- 

 stantinople. 



(Aniline. — All these different sorts mav be 

 easily increa'^ed, either by planting the inits, 

 layers, suckers of the roots, graltnig, i,r bud- 

 ding; but the second is the best and most safe 

 method for continuing the sorts. 



In the llrst mode the nuts should, after hcin"' 

 ])rcserved in an airy shed or cellar, in sand, be plant- 

 ed in drills in the spring to the depth of about two 

 inches, and a foot apart. When lliey have had 

 a twelvenu/Mth's growth, the)' shoidd be removed 

 into nursery rows, at the dist.-inec of two or 

 three feet, and a foot apart in the rows, training 

 them according to the purpose for which ihev 

 are wanted, as standard trees, half-standards or 

 dwarts, for one or two years, w hen they will be 

 proper for removing into the situations where 

 they are to remain. 



For the first pur|)ose, they shoidd be trained with 

 a single stem live or six feel high, at w Inch hei'dit 

 they should be suflered to branch out and form 

 a head, according to their natural growth ; but 

 for half-standards, a three or four feet stem is 

 suflicicnt; and for dwarfs, they should be trained 

 with a single stem to a foot and a half or two 

 feet in height, then lopped, that thev may 

 branch out, and lorm a low spreadimi- head. 



'illis mode cannot, however, be fullv de- 

 pended on for producing the same sorts witlv 

 certainty. 



In the second mode, some of the lowest 

 young branches, which have plenty of young 

 shoots, should be laid down in the autunm or 

 winter season ; and when they have become 

 perfectly rooted, they may be taken ofl' and 

 planted out in nursery rows at the distance of 

 two feet, and twelve mehes apart in the rows j 

 the plants being trained as above. 



\Vhen large supplies are wanted, the best way 

 is, however, to form stools, bv heading down 

 a few trees, nearly to the surface of the groimd,. 

 the preceding year; as by this means abundance 



