C R A 



C R A 



Crassula; 3. C. cull rata, Sharp-Ieavcd Crassulaj 

 4. C. piiintala. Potted leaded Cfaai^uls; b. C 

 nudicmilis. Naked-stalked Cxassula; 6. C.orbi- 

 cularU, Surry Crassula. 



1 here are several other species that may be 

 cultivated. 



The first has a reddish jointed stein, about 

 three feet high, dividing at lop into manv irre- 

 gular branches : the leaves so closclv opposite, 

 as to appear to bo in four rows : ihc Howers at 

 the eiuis of the branches in close umheis, of a 

 Jine scarlet c<jlour. It tlowers in July and the 

 toliowiniz uionlh. 



The second species rises with an upright stem 

 ten or twelve feet high, if it be not broki.n or in- 

 jured, but requires support ; the stems bcins 

 slender, and the kuvts very wcie^ity : the lat- 

 ter are about three inches- tunet, thick, succulent, 

 pale green, acute, hollowed above, and havin<* 

 a convex ridge beneath : the tlowers terminating 

 in lai^e clusters, of a whitish herbaceous colour, 

 ■with short lubes, aiul the brim cut into five parts. 

 The flower-stalk is thick and sucjolcitt, gdiieraily 

 turning first dow-iwards, then upwards a«Aii1, 

 somewhat in the tbnn of a syphon. It flowers 

 in Julv, but docs not produce seeds in this 

 climate. 



The third has a weak succulent slaik, about 

 two feet high, sending out many irregular 

 branches: the leaves thick, plane above, convex 

 beneath, de^p green, the borders set with a few 

 silvery hairs: the stalk which supports the 

 flowers rises from the top of the branches, and 

 is from fosr to six inches long, putting out se- 

 veral side branches, which grow erect : these are 

 terminated by large clusters of small greenish 

 flowers, which appear \n June and the iollow- 

 ing month, but the flower never fully expands. 



In the fourth specics> the stems are very slen- 

 der, full of joints, and traihns : the leaves thick, 

 succulent, htart-shaped, connate, gravish, in a 

 double row, hollow dotted : the stems are di- 

 vided, grow about eight ••x nine inches lonjr, 

 and are termmated by clusters of small white 

 flowers, sitting ver^' close to the top: these 

 appe^.t' in spring, and again in the latter part 

 of summer. 



The fifth never rises with a stalk, but the 

 leaves come out close to the ground, forming a 

 sort of head ; thev are smooth, somewhat hairy, 

 set with excavated dots, succulent, taper, end- 

 ing in points, and frequentlv put out roots. Out 

 of the centre of thc^e arises the flower-stalk, 

 branching into two or three shoots at top, each 

 terrninated by clusters of greenish flowers, which 

 do not open. It ilowcs in Mav, and sometimes 

 again towards the latter part of surrmer. 



The sixth species is a low perennial plant. 



having 6pen spreading heads, vcr\' hkc those of 

 some sorts of iiouseleck, growing on the end* 

 of very slender trailing stalks, produced in pleniv 

 on every side the parent plant, as on the Childiug 

 MaiTguld. The flower-stalks arise from the cen- 

 tre oi these heads ; are naked, about fci.r inches 

 ioiig, and temunated by close clusters of htrba- 

 ceou* flowers : the leaves are radical, fornunc 

 roses, ovate, fleshy, gibbous, even, sharpish^ 

 ciliate backwards, with cartilaginous, verv slen- 

 der hairs: the root puts forth lateral threads, 

 which arc filiform and decumbent, forming run- 

 ners at the end. It (lowers sometimes in May, 

 but usually in July and August, 



Culture. — Tile first three sorts mav be easily 

 increased, by planting the cuttings of the stems 

 and branches in the later spring and summer 

 months, after having been exixjscd in a dr\- si- 

 tuation for a few days, to heal over the cut parts, 

 in pots filled with sandy earth, plunsrinsr them 

 m the bark-bed of the stove, or in a frame shad- 

 ed from the sun. When well rooted, they 

 should be removed into separate pots, and re- 

 placed in the same situations till fully established, 

 when they maybe removed into the greenhouse, 

 where they should have a sunny situation in 

 winter, and but little water. 



The other species may be increased by plantinw 

 the off'-sets from the roots in the same manner 

 as above. 



As these are plants of a succulent nature, both 

 in their stems, branches, and leaves, as well as 

 of curious growth, they afford variety anions 

 collections of other plants of similar kinds" 

 They are capable of bearing the open air in sum- 

 mer, in dry warm situations. 



CRATAEGUS, a genus affording plants of 

 the hardy deciduous tree and shrub k'inds. Haw- 

 thorn and Wild Service Tree. 



It belongs to the class and order Icosamlria Di- 

 gi/nia,3Lnd ranks in the nalwzl order o[Pomacfce. 



The characters are : thatthecalyx isaone-leaf- 

 ed perianth, concave-spreading, five-cleft, perma- 

 nent: thecorollahas five roundish petals, concave, 

 sessile, inserted into the calyx : the stamina con- 

 sist of twenty subulate filaments, inserted into 

 the calyx: anthers roundish : the pistillum is an 

 inferior germ : styles two, filiform, erect: stit^mas 

 headed : the pericarpium is a fleshy, roundish 

 berry, umbilicated : the seeds two, somewhat 

 oblong, distinct, and cariilaeinous. 



The species cultivated are: 1. C. oxt/acanlha. 

 Hawthorn or Whitethorn; 2. C. aria. White 

 Beam, or White-leaf Tree ; 3. C. torminalis. 

 Wild Service, Sorb, or Maple-leased Service; 

 4. C. coccmea, Great American Hawthcm ; 5. C. 

 viridis, Green-leaved Virginian Hawthorn ; 6. C. 

 Orits Galti, Cockspur Hawthorn ; 7. C. tomen- 



