C Y N 



C Y P 



about five feet from each oihcr in the manner 

 directed for Celcrv, to the depth of a good spade, 

 placing the mould on the sides or interspaces ; 

 then to point in a little well rotted compost manure 

 in the bottoms, and make a small drill in the 

 centre to the depth of an inch, dropping in the 

 seeds two or three inches apart, covernig them 

 with the mould. 



A little water should be given at the time 

 when the season is dry. 



When the plants have advanced two or three 

 inches in their growth, they should be thinned 

 out to the distance of ten or twelve inches. And 

 as they proceed in their growth, they should 

 be gradually moulded up when dry, in order to 

 be blanched and rendered tender, in the same 

 manner as practised for Celery ; only the leaves 

 being carefully gathered and tied together each 

 time'with a little old matting, in order to pre- 

 vent the mould from getting between them. 



It is likewise the practice with some to raise 

 the plants on beds, and afterwards transplant 

 them into drills, or holes, where they are to re- 

 main and be earthed up for blanching. 



In order to have a longer succession of these 

 plants, the moulding up should be performed 

 at different times, from about the beginning of 

 September, as the distance ©fa fortnight or three 

 weeks. 



These plants succeed best on such soils as are 

 of the more deep sandy loam kinds, which have 

 not been much enriched by manure. 



In order to save seed, some of the best plants 

 should be suffered to remain without being 

 blanched, and be protected by litter during the 

 winter, and in the spring they will shoot up into 

 flower, and produce ripe seed in the autumn. 



The roots of the Cardoon are capable of be- 

 ing preserved in the winter season in the same 

 manner as the Carrot, Celery, and other similar 

 plants. 



CYNOGLOSSUM, a genus affording plants 

 of the herbaceous annual and perennial orna- 

 mental kinds. 



It belongs to the class and order Pentandria 

 JMonogynkt, and ranks in the natural order of 

 .diperifolice. 



The characters are: that the calyx is a five-part- 

 ed, oblong, acute, permanent perianthium: the 

 coroUaisone-petalled, funnel-form, length of the 

 calyx: tube cylindric, shorter than the border: 

 border half-five-cleft, obtuse: mouth closed with 

 five squamuks, which are convex, prominent, 

 converging : the stamina consist of five very 

 short ^laments, in the mouth of the corolla: 

 anthers roundish, naked: the pislillum has four 

 germs: style subulate, length of the stamens, 

 permanent: stigma emarginate : there is no pe- 



ricarpium, but four arils of the seeds, depressed, 

 roundish, outwardly more obtuse, scabrous, not 

 gaping, on the exterior side somewhat fiattish, 

 atSxcd by their tip : the seeds as many, some- 

 what ovate, gibbous, acuminate, smooth. 



The species cultivated are : \. C. Unifoliu7n, 

 Flax-leaved Hound's Tongue, or Venus's Xavel- 

 wort; 2. C Lnsifanic2/ni, Portugal Hoimd's 

 Tongue, or Venus's Navel-wort; 3. C. ompha- 

 loide.s, Comfrey-leaved Hound's Tongue. 



The first seldom rises more than five or six 

 inches high; the stalks do not branch near so 

 much as those of the second sort : the leaves are 

 very narrow and long, of a grayish colour, 

 and smooth : the flowers grow in short loose 

 panicles at the ends of the branches; are white, 

 like those of the second, but smaller, and 

 have umbilicated seeds, whence the name of 

 Navel-wort. It is a native of Portugal, flower- 



ins: in June. 



D 



In the second species, the whole plant is very 

 smooth: the stem erect, round, a foot high, 

 the branches axillary, alternate, quite simple: 

 the leaves an inch long, gradually smaller up- 

 wards, blunt, veinless, glaucous-green : the 

 flowers in spikes at the ends of the branches. It 

 is a native of Portugal, flowering in June and the 

 following month. 



These two species are annual. 



The third has a perennial root ; branches trail- 

 ing, and putting out roots from the joints: the 

 leaves are bright green, on long slender foot- 

 stalks : the flowers shaped like those of Borage, 

 but smaller, and of a lively blue colour, coming 

 from the axillas or stems in loose panicles, ap- 

 pearing in March and the following month. 



Culture. — The two first, or annual sorts, are 

 usually increased bv sowing the seeds in the 

 early spring, in patches, in the borders, clumps, 

 or other places where the plants are to remain and 

 flower, covering them in lightly. When the 

 plants appear, they only stand in need of being 

 kept clean, and having a little water occasion- 

 ally given them. 



In order to protract the flowering, two or 

 three different sowings should be made at pro- 

 per intervals in these sorts. 



The third, or perennial sort, may be easily 

 propagated by taking off the rooted stalks, and 

 planting them out in the situations where they 

 are to remain, either in the spring, summer, or 

 autumn. 



These plants add to the ornament and variety 

 of borders, clumps, and other parts of pleasure- 

 grounds. 



CYPRIPEDIUM, a genus containing plants 

 of the hardy herbaceous perennial flowery kind. 



It belongs to the class and order Gynandria 



