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on tlie Laurel. All the inaji-bcaring trees arc 

 also found to take upon each other, imd those 

 which have a tender soft wood do well if sirafted 

 ill the conuiioii way ; but such as are of a (inn 

 contexture, and arc slow growers, must be graft- 

 ed by approach. 



It is likewise by this method that nianv kinds 

 of exotic trees are not only propagated, IJut also 

 rendered hardy enough to endure the cold of our 

 climate in the open air ; as by being grafted upon 

 Slocks of the same sort wh.ich are hardy, the 

 grai'ts are rendered more capable of enduring 

 the cold. 



GRAINS OF PARADISE. SccAmomitm. 

 GRASS-GROUND, the parts of ornamented 

 grounds which are kept in the state of short Grass 

 or sward. Those spaces which are extended in the 

 fronts qf the houses or habitations, and are termed 

 lawns, arc mostly kept in short grass, whicl'i 

 by their constant verdure, summer and whiter, 

 and open rural appearance, exhibit a fine imita- 

 tion of nature at all seasons, especially when the 

 side-boundaries terminate in rural planlaiioiis in 

 various natural curves and bcndings. This )nodc 

 of laying out pleasure-grounds prevails much at 

 present. But besides these, it is the practice to 

 have rural short Grass openings continued be- 

 tween the plantations throughout the difierent 

 districts of grounds of this sort, separating and 

 bounding the shrubbery clumps, borders, ai.d 

 other parts, in some places widely. sprcadinsr, in 

 others more contracted ; but, in either cas>-, ex- 

 tending to the boundaries of the several plantation 

 compartments, in various bendings, sweeps, and 

 curves ; by which the whole is rendered rurally 

 ornamental, and at the same time more agree- 

 able and easy to walk on than gravel between the 

 plantations when the weather is drv and hyt 

 liming the summer season. Tn the aiit^eut style 

 ^f gardening, it w-as much the custom to Jiavc 

 straight shortGrass-walks, both for ornament and 

 common walking upoo: but for ornament, unless 

 elegantly w idc and spacious, they have a littleness 

 in their general appearance, as m^ybe seen where 

 long narrow slips of short Grass-Ground are e.x- 

 lended to some distance, in the way of walks'; 

 and for the latter purjiose they are very improper 

 in winter and all nioist weather; and even in 

 .'ummer in the mornings and evenings, as being 

 alwavs damp anrl dew v. VValks of this kind 

 should therefore be but sparingly introduced; 

 and where any are made for variety, ornament, 

 o.r summer's walking, they should be as spaci- 

 ous as the situation admits, not less than from 

 ten to fifteen feet wide, and even twenty feet 

 wide or more, when the walk is considerably 

 extended in length. 



The method of forming short Grass-Ground 



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work, is either by sowing the parts with Grass 

 secds.orbylaying'them with turf, cullrom a fine 

 field, common or down; the laUer of which, 

 wlierc it can be obtained at a moderate expense, 

 is greatly preferable, as it not onlv at once firms 

 a complete sward,, but is generally more close, 

 even, apd smooth, as well as less apt to run up 

 to benty Grass, grow rank, or rise in tufts, thau 

 by the sowing method. 

 ^ In preparing the ground either for sowing 

 Grass seeds upon or Hiying with turf, the whole 

 must be broken up e(]ually tp a moderate spade 

 deep, clearing out all roo'ts of jierennial weeds 

 and other coarse materials. When this has 

 bcc;n done, stakes or wooden pegs, wiih notches, 

 for marking the level, according to the position of 

 .thegroui)d,muslbe driven ii};''(hen proecedwith 

 line and spade to rough -level the ground acj- 

 cording to the marks or levels on the pegs, after- 

 wards treading, rolling, or ranmiino- iJk- whyle 

 down equally, that it may no where sink in hollows 

 afterwaids. When this has been finished, the 

 levels shoi'ld be wrought ofl' more accurately, 

 and the whole finished with a neat raking, clear- 

 ing ofi"alI large stones, and making an .even and 

 smooth surface ; in this state, it iiiav either he 

 sown with grass seed, or laid with turf. 



For the first method, the proper seasons for 

 sosying are either February, March, and April, 

 or in August or September, in moist weather. 

 In moist wet soils the former is probably the 

 best, but in those <jf a dry gravelly nature, the 

 latter. In this business it is of the utmost con- 

 sequence to procure good seeds; those from 

 hay-stacks or out of hay-lofts are often used, 

 which may answer well, where the hay was the 

 growth of some fine pasture free from weeds, 

 and naturally afibrded fine turf when grazed and 

 mowed ; but in other cases, there is often a 

 mixture of various sorts with weeds, by which 

 the sward is rendered irregular and foul, and 

 never makes handsome short Grass-Ground. If 

 .you arenot furnished with seedsof your own, they 

 may b? obtained from the seedsmen, and should 

 be oflhose kinds which strike deep root, spread 

 put laterally in their tops, are permanent, and 

 capable of resisiing the effects of heat ; there are 

 niany of this kind. The seed must be sown 

 broad-cast, very thick and regular over the sur- 

 face, and directly raked or "harrowed in; and 

 w hen the surface is dry, it should be rolled with a 

 wooden roller, to bury the seeds more effectually 

 and make a smooth' surface ;' when the •'•r;iss 

 conies up, all weeds should be removcil ; 'and, 

 the same season, when the sward is become 

 thick and green, and advanced some inches in 

 growth, it should be mowed, rolling it well 

 afterwards, and continue mowing it and rolling 

 3 11 *• 



