II E D 



H E D 



rcl, Lauriistliuis, I'hillyrca, Alateriuis, Rox, 

 KvLTCieen Oak, Evergreen Privet, Juniper, Vir- 

 ginia Cedar, Savin, Rosemaiy, P)racantlia, 

 and Sea Pin-'^iain Sliriib, See. 



On/ side Htdgp<;. — For this purpose the Wliite- 

 or Haw thorn plant lorms the best, which, by 

 bein"' properly trained, by tiiniin-.ng or clippinsj; 

 annu:,lly, is rendered quite elosc, hardy, and 

 durable. 



Hedtres of tliis sort are formed by planting 

 voiing plants or sets raised from seed in the 

 nursery, which when a year or two old, or as 

 biii; as a goose-quill, up to the size of the little 

 finger, are proper for this use. See Crat^- 



GUS, 



The Black or Sloc-thorn is also proper for 

 Hedges, and forms a very strong durable fence ; 

 but bv its producing such abundance of suckers 

 from the root, it is less esteemed ; and as it is 

 well armed with thorns, and of quick growth, 

 it may be useful where the White-thorn cannot 

 be procured. 



Hedges of this nature mav be raised by sow- 

 ing or setting the seed or sloes in autumn, 'when 

 fidly ripened, in one or two small drills or 

 trenches, where the hedge is to be, at the di- 

 stance of five or six inches or more from each 

 other, and to the depth of two or three inches. 

 Where there are two rows, they may be about 

 six or eight inches apart. 



Rut it is a better method to first raise the 

 plants in the nursery till of a proper size, as 

 two vcars old, and then plant them out in rows 

 as above. 



The Crab-tree, of the apple, as well as thornv 

 sort, are sometimes planted for' Hedges ; but 

 the plants for this purpose should be such as are 

 raised from the kernels of the wil-d crabs, which 

 come up more thorny than those of the culti- 

 vated kinds, and shoot more branchv and close, 

 quite from the bottom. These should, however, 

 only be made use of as being of quick growth, 

 and where the others cannot be procured. 



Hedges of these may either be raised by sow- 

 ing the kernels of the fruit in autumn or win- 

 ter, in the place where the Hedge is intended, 

 in drills the whole length, an inch deep, cover- 

 ing them that depth with earth ; or the plants 

 raised first from seed in the nursery, which, 

 when a year or two old, may be planted out. 

 Some plants of the Hedge mav, in this case, be 

 suffered to grow up, and afford an atmual crop 

 of crabs for verjuice. A proper number of the 

 plants may likewise be used, as they stand in 

 the Ikdge, for stocks, to graft on with useful 

 family or cyder apples. 



The Elder ])laiit is also used for outward 

 Hedges where a fence is waittcd as soon as pos- 



sible, as being very cxpeditioMS in its growth, 

 though not the most beautiful. Hedges are 

 read Jy formed by planting large truncheons, or 

 cuttin-rs of the straightest upright shoots and 

 branches, fron) tvo or three to six feet long, 

 plaiited eitiier upright a foot distance, and wat- 

 tled along the top to preserve them firm and 

 even ; or placed slanting across one aiiother 

 checquer-wise, formino; a sort of lattice-work, 

 which is the most effectual method. In either 

 way of planting, the lower ends of the cuttings 

 inust be sharpened, making holes to receive 

 them fifteen or eighteen inches deep, cither in 

 the level ground, or the sides or tops of the banks. 



The Alder is also proper to plant for Hedges 

 in wet or marshy ground, as being an aquatic, 

 and growing readily by small or large cuttings 

 like the Elder. 



It is very proper on the borders of rivers, 

 brooks, or other waters, as its roots, and nu- 

 merous suckers arising from their lower parts, 

 form such a close thicket as ctTectually to pre- 

 serve the earth of the banks from being under- 

 mined and washed down. 



The Lombardy Poplar, as emitting numerous 

 side-branches quite from the bottom, and being 

 of very quick growth, is also occasionally em- 

 ployed to form an expeditious outward Hedge 

 along the side or top of a bank or ditch, or to 

 train as a loftier Hedge for shelter, shade, blind, 

 &c. 



Hedges of this plant arc formed at once, if 

 wanted, of five or six feet or more in height, by 

 having young trees, well branched from the 

 bottom, heading the top to the above height, 

 and planting them in a single row a foot or two 

 asunder. Younger sets of two or three feet in 

 height may be planted and trained. When de- 

 signed as an outward Hedge, they should ge- 

 nerally have an outside ditch. They may be 

 kept to an orderly thick growth, by proper clip- 

 ping in the summer season. 



The Willow is also sometimes planted to form 

 outward Hedges along the sides of watery 

 ditches, brooks, rivulets, &c. or any marshy 

 or moist situation. Thev are planted either by 

 small cuttings, or larger long sets of several 

 feet, and inserted in the manner directed for the 

 elder cuttings, so as to form an immediate 

 Hedge. In either method they run up quickly, 

 and may be kept close and regular by proper 

 cutting in the summer season. 



The Holly forms an excellent and beautiful 

 Hedge. It is the best evergreen Hedge that can 

 be planted for an outward fence, as it grows 

 close, and is well furnished with leaves, which 

 being armed with thorns, no cattle browse upon 

 them ; and being always in foliage, it affi r Js 



