H I E 



H I P 



produce much variety by their beautifuhflowers 

 in the stove and conservatory collections, 



HIERACIUM, a genus containing plants of 

 the hardy, lurhacirous, flowery, perennial kind. 



It belongs lo the class and order Sffngentsia 

 P(i/i/gamiu Squalls, and ranks in the naiuial 

 order ot Conipoiitce Seini/iosatlostB. 



The charactei-s are: that the calyx is connnon, 

 imbricate, ovale : scales several, linear, v^ry un- 

 eijual, longitudinal and incumbent : the corolla 

 compound, imbricate, unilorni : corollulis het- 

 iriaphrodiie, numerous, tqual : proper monope- 

 talous, ligulate, linear, truncate, tive-tooihtd : 

 the stamina have five capillary filaments, very 

 short: anther cylindric, tubulous : the pistilluni 

 is a subovate germ: style HIii'urm, the length of 

 the stamens : stigmas two, bowed back : there 

 is no pericarpium : calyx converging, ovate : 

 the seeds solitary, obtusely four-cornered, short: 

 down capillary, sessile: the receptacle naked. 



The species cultivated are: H. auranliacum, 

 Oranse flowered Hawkwetd; 2. H. chondiil- 

 loides, Gum-Succory Hawkweed. 



There are several other species that have been 

 cultivated, but which possess liiilc merit. 



The first has perennial, creeping roots : the 

 stem scarcely branched (except with the pe- 

 duncles), bearded with white hairs placed on 

 black glands, upright, a foot or a foot and a half 

 in heieht (mo tue^ high) : the leaves next the 

 root rather ovate, on the stem ovate-lanceolate 

 or lanceolate, quite entire, dusky green, narrow- 

 ing into the petiole, obtuse, alternate, the upper 

 ones sessile ; the lower ones a span long, and an 

 inch 'iroad : the stipules very small, lanceolate : 

 the flowers eight or ten, orangL-coloured, on 

 short pedicels, forming a short panicle. It is a 

 native of Austria. &c. flowering from June to 

 autumn. It was formerly distinguished oy the 

 titles Golden Mouse-car ; and when of a dark 

 colour. Grim the CoJlier. 



It varies in the colour of the flower, from red 

 to orange, and several ?h.ides of yellow. 



The second c-ptcies has the s'.eni.a span high, 

 and even: the root-leaves petioled, smooth: 

 stem-leaves five or six, alternate, long, with 

 lonir recurved^ te, th : the peduncles from the 

 upper axils of the leaves, the same height with 

 the stem, Siiliiary, almost naked, one-flowered. 

 It is a native of the South of l-'rance, flowering 

 in .lune and July. 



Culture. — Thes? plants are increased by sow- 

 ing the seeds in the early spring, on a bed or 

 border of fresh earth, in aa ea-'tcin exposure. 

 When the plants are a few inclies high, they 

 should be removed into other beds, to stand till 

 the autumn, when they >iiould be planted where 

 they are to remain. But it is a better prac- 



tice to plant them at first where they are fc 

 grow. 



They may likewise be increased by planting 

 slips of the roots in the autumn or spring where 

 they arc to remain. 



In both modes they should be well watered 

 when the season is dry. 



The roots continue many years when planted 

 in a soil that is not too rich or moist. 



They afi"ord variety in the fronts of the bor- 

 ders, clumps, and other parts of pleasure- 

 grounds. 



HIl'POPUAE, a genus furnishing plants of 

 the hardy deciduons shrubby kind. 



It belongs to the cl.is« and order Dioeeia Te- 

 trandria, and ranks in the natural order of Ca- 

 hjafiorce. 



The characters are : that in the male the calyx 

 is a one-leafed perianihium, two-parted, two- 

 valved, with the bottom entire; ihc pans round- 

 ish, blunt, concave, upright, converging at the 

 tip<, and gaping on the sides : there is no corol- 

 la : the stamina have four filamer.ts, very short: 

 anthers oblong, angular, almost the Icncth of 

 ihe calyx. Female — the calyx is a one-leafed 

 perianthium, ovate-oblong, tubular, club-shap- 

 ed, with the mouth cloven, deciduous : there is 

 no corolla: the pistillum is a roundish, small 

 germ: style simple, very short: stigma ihick- 

 iih, oblong, upright, twice as long as the calyx : 

 the pericarpium is a superior berry, sub-globu- 

 lar, one-celled : the seed single, oblong, hard, 

 shining. 



The species are : 1 . /f. rhamnoidis. Common 

 Sea Buckthorn, or Sallow Thorn j 2, H. Catia- 

 densis, Canadian Sea Buckthorn. 



The first rises with shrubby stalks eight or tea 

 feet high, sending out many irregular branches, 

 which have a brown bark Silvered over; the 

 leaves are narrower linear-lanceolate, about two 

 inches long, and a quarter of an inch broad ia 

 the middle, of a dark green on their upper side, 

 but hoary on their under, with a prom:ncnt 

 midrib ; the borders are reflexed as in the rose- 

 maiv ; they are placed alternate on every side of 

 the branches, and sit clo-^c to them ; and there 

 are little, clustered, pelt.iie, cil.ate, pale sc ales 

 scattered over them the lii-anrhes spread wide, 

 are straight, stifl", and thorny at the ends ; the 

 lesser ones numerous, scattered, short, and 

 spre;iding: the flowers -oliiary, appearing before 

 the leaves, generally abortive, unl< ss the shrub 

 errows in its natural situation : the male flowers 

 below the leaves, between a branch and i one- 

 valvcd, permanent bud, the length ot the flower: 

 the female flowers sessile in the axil, of ihe 

 lower leaves: the former are sub-sessile, some- 

 what spiked, disposed in four rows along the 



