HOE 



H O R 



ground, as wiih the drawing hoe. In regard lo 

 size, it should be from about tour to six or eight 

 inches wide, open in the middle, tor the mould 

 and weeds to pass through, so as not to be drawn 

 jn heaps ; having a long socKct at the back part, 

 in wliicli to lix the handle, which may be live 

 or six feet in length. 



It is verv proper tor scuffling over any piece of 

 ground to destniy weeds, that is clear from crops, 

 or between crops that stand wide, with which a 

 person may make cunsiderahly more expeditious 

 work than with a drawnig hoe, especially when 

 the weeds are not suffered to grow 1 irge ; in which 

 case one man can often do as much as two w iih 

 the other sort. It is not proper for hoeing 

 out crops of esculent plants, or tor earthing up 

 the stems of plants, nor for hoeing where the 

 plants stand close. But it is very useful for cut- 

 ling down weeds in shrubberies and wilderness 

 quarters, wtiere the shrubs stand distant from 

 one another. And it is the best sort of any for 

 scufflingover sand-walks, oroil\ers made of loose 

 materials, in order to uestroy weeds, moss, &c. 

 In a small size it is also found useful to run over 

 flower borders, to cut up stragghng weeds; as, 

 being fixed on a long handle, the work may be 

 efficted bv standing in the walks, without tread- 

 ing on the iiorders or beds. 



A sort of triangular Hoe has also been lately 

 found very useful m hoeing many sorts of small 

 crops. 



HOEING, a necessary operation performed 

 by the hoe, to desiroy weeds, loosen the soil, 

 and mould up the stalks or stems of plants. 



It is an expeditious method of destroying 

 weeds between all sorts of plants that stand di- 

 stant enough to admit it. 



When principally designed to destroy weeds, 

 it s'.ould always be performed to some depth, 

 jind in dry weather, the more sunny the belter, 

 tspecially when the weeds are not to be raked 

 off, that they mav die as they are cut down, or 

 at least be so much Ragged or withered by the 

 sun and air as not to grow again. 



This sort of work, besides destroying weeds, 

 is likewise useful in loosening the surface, and 

 disposing the ground to receive the greater be- 

 nefit from the air, dews, rains, &c to the great 

 nourishment of all sorts of plants, and, bv break- 

 ing up the surface, dividing the clcds, and stir- 

 ring the earth, keeping it fresh, and proving a 

 very beneficial culture to all vegetables. In soils 

 apt to bind after much wet, which causes the 

 plants to appear of a stinted crowth, hoeing is 

 of vast advantage in pr nioting their growth. 



The application of earth about the stems of 

 plants, such as earthing up rows of peas, beans, 

 kidney-beans, cabbages, cauliHowers, 8cc. is 



constantly of gFeat service in promoting the 

 strength and vigour of the crops, as well as in 

 giving them a neat appearance. 



It is also beneficial in thinning out many 

 close-standing crops to proper distances, cuttmir 

 out the superabundant plants and weeds, antl 

 loosening the soil. 



HOLLOW KOOT. See Adoxa and Fo- 



M.AUIA. 



H(3LLY. Sec Ilex. 

 HOLLY, KNLL. Sec Ruscus. 

 HOLLY, SEA See Ekvngium- 

 HOLLYHOCK. See Alcea. 

 HOLM OAK. SeeOuKucL's. 

 HOLM, SEA. See EuvNGiiNt. 

 HONEY- FLOWER. See Meliaxthos. 

 HONEYSUCKLE. See Lonicf.ra. 

 HONEYSUCKLE, FRENCH. SeeHEDY- 



SAUL'M. 



HONEY-WORT. Sec Cf.bivthe. 



HOODED WILLOW-HERB. See Scu- 

 tellaria. 



HOl'-HORN-BEAM. See Carpinus. 



HOPS. See Humijlus. 



HORN-BEAM. See Carpinus. 



HORN-BEECH-TREE. See Carpivu*. 



HORNFJD POFFY. See Chelidonic.m. 



HORSE-BEECH. See Carpinus. 



HORSE-CHESNUT. See ^sculus. 



HOP.SE-RADISH See Cochleari.a. 



HORSE-TAIL See Equisetlm. 



HOR-SE-TAIL, SHRUBBY. See Ephedra. 



HOKSE-DUNG, that which is produced 

 in the stable. 



It is a material of great utility in garden cul- 

 ture, for the purpose of forming hot-beds for 

 various early productions and tender plants, and 

 afterwards as manure. See Dung and Ma- 

 nure. 



This sort of manure is mosilv of a littcn,' na- 

 ture, from the great quantity of straw that is 

 mixed and l.lended with the dung and urine of 

 the horses. On ihis account it is more disposed 

 to the production of heat, or the taking on the 

 process of fermentation, than other sorts, and is 

 of Course better suited to the purpose of form- 

 ing hot-beds with than anv other. 



For this use, it should bcsuch as has remained 

 together in the common dung-hill or heap iill 

 collected in proper quantily ; and if it have 

 commenced some fennentation, or become 

 wholly, or in part, of a moist, warm, steamy 

 quality, it is prefe.able. If, on turning it up 

 with ihe dung-fork, it begins to assume a black- 

 ish ajipearance, not rotten, or exhausted and 

 drv, but abounding in a Irtsh matiri^l sub- 

 stance, of a lively, moist, steaniv '.v arniili, it is 

 in a good state for this purpose. Fresher dung 



