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larvse with the hand, and afterwards watering the 

 trees well with soft water, such as that of ponds. 



The sixth, or Coccus, also belongs to the 

 same order, and the males have wings, but the 

 females none. 



The sorts most commonly met with, when 



Tt is further remarked, that ec a very destruc- 

 tive species of the Coccus tribe has lately done 

 incredible damage to the Apple-trees in the nur- 

 series and gardens in the neighbourhood of Lon- 

 don. Some nurserymen have lost several thou- 

 sand Apple-trees in one year. These insects 



full grown, have somewhat the form of a boat, attach themselves to the bark by their suckers, 

 with the keel uppermost, being apparently with- 

 out feet, eyes, &c. while in this state resembling 

 some sorts of galls or excrescences of the bark 

 of trees. 



Mr. Forsyth observes, that " a thin film of a 

 white cotton-like substance is interposed between 

 the flat part of the body and the tree. This is 

 common, in a greater or lesser quantity, to all 

 the species, and appears at first all round the 

 edge as a kind of cement, to join it to the tree. 

 The males are very few in proportion to the fe- 

 males, and not nearly one-fourth of their size ; 

 they are beautiful little flics, which, after a short 

 but active life, terminate their existence without 

 having tasted food, being provided with no sort 

 of organs for that purpose." 



" The Peach, Nectarine, and Pear Trees are 

 very much infested with these insects : they fre- 

 quently cut through the bark, and the trees then 

 appear as if they bad been scratched by cats." 

 He has " seen some with this appearance all 

 over them." 



He advises, that " when these insects first ap- 



and, by feeding on the juices of the tree, rob it 

 of its nourishment. Such trees as are infested 

 with them have a sickly appearance. These in- 

 sects generally make their nests where branches 

 have been cut off, or in hollow places, where 

 the canker has eaten holes in the trees. Their 

 first appearance is like a white down; on touch- 

 ing or rubbing them, they tinge the fingers of 

 a crimson colour, like cochineal. If suffered to 

 remain long on trees, they take wing, like 

 Aphides." 



The method that he has followed for these ten 

 years to destroy them, is, to " rub the places 

 where their nests are with an old brush, such as 

 painters use, till they are all cleaned off; and 

 if the part be canker-eaten, to cut it clean out 

 with a knife or chisel : he then takes of soap- 

 suds and urine equal parts, and with this he 

 washes the wound and the bark all round it ; and 

 with a brush applies the composition, mixed with 

 wood-ashes and the powder of burnt bones, 

 covering the wound all over with it. Afterwards 

 he shakes some of the powder of wood-ashes 



pear on the bark, they should be scraped off and burnt bones, mixed with an eighth part of 



with a wooden knife, and the stem and branches 

 of the tree well washed with soap-suds and urine, 

 applied with a stiff painter's brush. This should 

 he done in February, before the buds begin to 

 come out. But if the outer bark is perforated, 

 it must be cut or pared off with a long knife ; 



unslaked lime finely powdered and sifted, over 

 the hollows, or where knobs have been cut off." 



And he advises, that " at the same time 

 that the trees are cleared of the cocci the cater- 

 pillars should be picked off." 



He adds, that " the first time that he ob- 



and if you find any brown spots in the inner served the new coccus which has done so much 



hark, they must be carefully cut out. This dis- mischief to the Apple-trees about London, was 



ease is, he thinks, one great cause of the canker, in a garden of his own at Chelsea, about the year 



and of the death of the tree." 1 782 or 3 ; and, as far as he can learn, they were 



And it is added, that " when this disease has imported, among some Apple-trees, by the late 



made its way through both harks, as is often the Mr. Swinton, of Sloane-street. Mr. Swinton 



.case, the branches on each side of the tree may afterwards removed his nursery to the King's 



be cut close to the stem, if it has an upright one; Road, near Chelsea Colleae, which now goes bv 



but if the tree be trained fan-fashion, the best the name of the Foreign Nursery." 



way is to head it -near to the place where it was Train oil has been tried, laid on with a painter's 



grafted." 



He has " headed old Pear-trees which were 

 so dead, except a small strip of live bark on one 

 side, that you might rub the bark off them as 



brush, but without effect. 



The seventh, or Earwig, is often very destruc- 

 tive to fruit, particularly "that of the Peach kind. 

 The method recommended by Mr. Forsyth for 



easily as off a bundle of faggot-sticks that had destroying them, and which he has long pursued 



been cut upwards of a year ; yet these tree6 have with success, is, to " take old bean-stalks, and 



shot out fresh branches to the length of seven- cut them about nine inches long, tying them up 



teen feet in two years, and produced fine fruit in small bundles with some pack-thread, or 



the second year." It is advised to apply the with small yellow willows, and hanging them 



(Composition immediately after heading, or cut- on nails against the wall, at different parts of 



iting, or paring off the diseased bark. the trees. The first thing in the morning, be- 



