M O N 



M O N 



further culture of being kept clean from weed;. 

 When the soil is dry, they often continue three 

 or four years. 



All the sorts afford orn . the first three 



sorts in the stove, and the last in the open bor- 

 der*. The Fruit of the last also affords a medi- 

 cinal substance by iospissation. 



MONARDA, a genus containing plat 

 the fibrous-rooted herbaceous flowery bien- 

 nial am 1 perennial kind?. 



It belongs to 'he class and order Diandric 

 Mixnogi/nia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 J'i riicillolw. 



The cb meters are : that the calyx is a one- 

 leafed tubular pcrianthium, cj lindric, sti 

 with a five-toothed equal mouth, j :rmanent: the 

 corolla unequal : tube cylindric, longer than the 

 calyx : border ringent : upper lip straight, nar- 

 row, linear, entire; lower lip reflex, broader, 

 trifid ; middle segment longer, narrower, cmar- 

 Sl'mate ; lateral blunt : the stamina have two 

 bri>tle-aluped filaments, the of the up- 



per lip, in which they are involved : anthers 

 compressed, truBcate at top, convex below, 

 erect: the pistillo.n is a four-clef germ: style 

 filiform, involved w ith the stamens : stigma bifid, 

 acute : there is no pericardium : calyx contain- 

 ing the seeds at the bottom : the seeds four, 

 roundish. 



The species cultivated are : 1 . AT. jislulosn, 

 Purple Monarda; 2. M. oblongata, Long-leav- 

 ed Monarda; 3. M. dklyma, Scarlet Monarda, 

 or Oswego Tea; 4. M. rugosa, White Monarda; 

 j. M. punctata, Spotted Monarda. 



The first has a perennial root, composed of 



many g tar on every 



side: . . items, near three - high, are hairy 



and obtuse-angled : they send out two or four 



- de brani ties towards the top : the leaves 



_', broad ai the base, but terminating in 



acute points, ry, a little indented on their 



edges, ot-stalks: the stem and 



branches terminating by heads of purple flowers, 



3 involucre, i | Bed of five 



acute-pointed leaves. It is a native of Canada, 



fi ring from Jut . gust. 



The second specie • from the first, i:i 



having the leaves ovate at the base, and a little at - 



. . more villosc underneath It is a 



native forth America, flowering from July 



' S 



third ha I root: 



ab int two feet high, smooth, acul '. : the 



leaves indented on the e 



stalk?; when emit a very grateful 



refreshing odour : towards the top of the plant 

 come out two or four sn . with 



smaller leaves of the same shape: the i - 



produced in large heads or whorls at the top of the 

 stalk, and there is often a smaller whorl at a 

 joint below the head ; and out of the head arises 

 a naked peduncle, sustaining a small head or 

 whorl : the (lowers are of a bright red colour. 

 They come out in July; and in a moist season, 

 or when the plant- crow in a moist soil, they 

 continue till the middle or end of September. It 

 is a native ol North America. 



The fourth species resembles the following, 

 but the leaves arc longer, smooth, wrinkled a 

 little like those of Sage, and the flowers white. 

 It is a natii e of North America, flowering from 

 July to September. 



The fifth has ^tems about two feet high, 

 branching out from the bottom to the top : 

 the leaves lanceolate, coming out in clusters at 

 . joint, where there are two larger leaves, 

 and Beveral smaller ones on each side ; the larger 

 leaves are two inches and a half lone, three 

 quarter* of an inch broad, and slightly indented 

 on their i s: towards the upper part of the 

 stem the flowers come out in large whorls, with 

 an involucre to each whorl composed of ten 

 or twelve small lanceolate leaves, of a purplish 

 red colour on their upper side (four larger, and 

 four smaller, besides-the leaves of the whorls) : 

 the flowers are pretty large, of a dirty yellow- 

 colour spotted with purple. It is a biennial 

 plant; and a native of Maryland and Virginia, 

 fioweiing here from June to October. 



Culture. — All these plants may be increased 

 by partinc the roots, and some of them by slips 

 and cuttings as well as seeds. 



As the iir?t sort does not increase fast bv the 

 roots, the seeds may be sown in the autumn 

 on a bed of good earth, and in the following 

 summer the plants be removed into nursery rows 

 half a root apart, in a rather shady situation, and 

 in the beginningof the following autumn set out 

 v. here they are to remain and flower. Thev 

 succeed best in a soft loamy soil not too much 

 exposed. 



The roots should be divided either 

 tmnn or very early spring, but the former is the 



■ .r, being afterwards either planted out in 

 rows to remain till they are strong, or, when 

 str ing, at once where they are to remain. 



Strong slips or cutting, of the branches may 

 beta! in tl inning <d' summer, and 



planted out in a shady border, due - 

 water bt ' ■'■ veil rooted, when in the 



auti reui >v< d ti 



to re 11 



third sort succeeds best in a light soil, 

 in an "astern situation. 



■ dl afford ornament in the b 

 clumps of pleasure-grounds. 



