P I N 



P I N 



elegant pyramid: the leaves arc clustered, with- water when the season is dry, in a very gentle 

 out order, from an oblong cortical scale, four- manner, so as Mot to disturb the plants. 

 cornered, drawn out into a sharp point, thickrsh. When they come up too close the plants 

 commonly curved a little; compressed, slightly should be thinned out in the summer, the thin- 

 keeled on both sides, shining on the upper sur- nings being planted out immediately in a sepa- 

 face -: the male cones or calkins are ovate, scat- rate bed, in a shady place, being gently watered 

 tered in the axils of the haves, purple : the as there may be occasion. They should be set 

 voting female cones are also purple; and when out in rows at the distance of four or five, and 

 'ripe pendulous : they have eight rows of scales three or four in the rows. The tender kinds 

 in a spiral, each row having from twenty to should be she' tered during the winter by frames 

 twenty-three scales, in eaqh of which are two or mats from the frosts, but with the others it is 

 seeds.' It is a native of Norway. unnecessary. 



There are two principal varieties : the White When the plants have remained in these beds 



and the Reel, both of which afi'ord the white a year or more according to circumstances, they 



deals. And Bur°vndy Pitch is prepared from should be removed into other rows in the 



the resin procured from this tree by boiling and nursery at the distance of two feet, and one or 



straining it through a cloth. more in the rows. In this situation they should 



There is no tree that yields greater profit than remain till the periods of their being finally 



the Spruce Fir in cold land ; no tree is more planted out. 



The best season for the removal of the plants 

 in all cases is to\va>ds the latter end of March 

 or the beginning of the following month. 



Where it can be done, it is the best way not to 

 let them remain too long in these nursery situa- 

 tions, as the plants are always found to succeed 

 best when planted out before they have acquired 

 too large a growth. 



When large plantations are to be made it is ad- 

 vised by some to raise the plants on a portion of 



as 



beautiful standing single on turf in large planta- 

 tions, or more useful for shelter in cold soils and 

 situations. 



The twentieth is distinguished from the Black 

 Spruce by the marks which have been given 

 under theVightecnth species. 



The twenty-first species was found in the Le- 

 vant, and may be cultivated for variety. 



Culture. — In all the sorts and varieties the 

 increase is effected by means of seeds, which 



maybe obtained from the well ripened cones by the same ground, or as nearly similar to it 



exposing them to the heat of a gentle fire or possible. 



that of the sun, in which way the cells open and It is advantageous when they are to remain to 



the seeds may be readily taken out. When the have a large size to transplant them every two 



cones arc not made use of in this way, they years, as by that means they form better roots 



will remain several years without the seeds and such as spread out more laterally, and of 



being injured, especially where they are close. course the plants may be afterwards removed 



They should be sown in the early spring with greater safety. - 



months, as March or the following month, on In removing the plants, at all times great care 



beds of line earth, in a north-east aspect, or in should be taken to preserve the roots as much 



lurue puts or boxes for the purpose of being oc- as possible, as well as all the branches, without 



casionallv removed into different situations as cutting them. 



may be found necessary* They should be co- YV hen they have been finally removed, they 



vered with nets to prevent the birds from peek- require little more trouble, it being only n 



ing oft' the tons of the young plants, while the sary to keep them perfectly free from weeds, and 



husks of the :>ecds are upon them; ami be supporting the larger sorts of plants with proper 



likewise screened from the heat of the sun at stakes : all the sorts should be suffered to take 



first. their own natural growth; being careful to pre- 



All the soits, except the Stone Pine and a few serve their lops perfectly entire, to shoot up as 



others, the scales of the cones of which aie fast as possible and tobranch out in theirown way 



very hard, soon come up; but these frequently as no pinning is wanted, unless in the lowermost 



emaiii more than a year: the ground should branches in particular trees which are thought 



therefore not be disturbed, being only kept clean 

 from weeds in such eases. 



Soaking the seed.- m ihcse cases maybe useful, 



o ing the in in shaded situations. 

 The vouug plants in all the sorts should he 

 kept quite clean and occasionally refreshed with 

 J 



too low and straggling, when these mav be oc- 

 casionally trimmed, cutting them close to the 

 stem; but pruning should be very sparingly 

 practised to these resinous trees, as loppiuj 

 branches contributes to retard their g. iwth as 

 well as impair their beauty. In large forest 



