PRU 



P R U 



Culture. — These plants are increased by seeds, 

 procured from the places of their native growth; 

 which, as soon as obtained, should be sown in 

 pots, filled with sandy loam, and placed in a 

 moderate hot-bed ; and when the plants are 

 come up, moderate air should be given, or they 



The first pruning for wall fruit-trees, to give 

 the head its first regular formation, is effected 

 bv pruning short or heading down in spring all 

 the shoots produced the first year fiom budding 

 and grafting, and when a year old being mostly 

 pruned down in March, within lour or five eyes 



should be placed in an airy glass case, or to- of the bottom, to throw the sap more into the 

 wards the front of a green-house; and be after- remaining lower buds, and thus, instead ot run- 

 wards managed as other similar exotics of that ning up to one stem, to push forth several 

 kind. strong shoots from the lower part the ensuing 

 They are also sometimes raised by cuttings, in summer, so as to fill the necessary space ot w.ill- 

 spring and summer, by the assistance of a" hot- ing and espalier regularly quite from the bottom, 

 bed, in the same manner. They should not which shoots being trained straight and regular 

 have much water afterwards, nor 'be treated in. in a spreading manner, each at full length all 

 too tender a manner. summer ; and in the winter or spring following, 

 They are ornamental among otherpotted plants, where a supply of more principal shoots shall 

 PRUNING of TREES. The operation of oc- seem necessary to form the head more effectu- 

 casionally cutting out parts, in order to give them ally, pruning short also these shoots, each to 



anv desired form, and to retrench or reduce ir- 

 regular and redundant or superfluous growths. 



It is particularly necessary to be practised on 

 many sorts of fruit-trees, more especially the 

 dwarf sorts, such as all kinds of wall and espalier 

 fruit-trees ; it is also necessary, occasionally, 

 for standard-trees, both dwarfs and half and full 



four or five eyes, when they will throw out the 

 same number of shoots the same year, which, 

 according as they advance in length, should be 

 trained at regular distances at full length during 

 the summer, for the shoots of wall-trees should 

 not in general be shortened in the summer sea- 

 son, as that would cause them to push forth 

 standards, and for some sorts annually, as all many superfluous unnecessary lateral shoots ; 

 kinds of wall-trees, espaliers, and most other though sometimes, in order to fill a vacancy as 

 dwarf or trained fruit-trees; which is done in soon as possible, strong young shoots, by being 

 order to preserve the proper figure, and to keep pinched or pruned early in the season, as May 

 them within their limited bounds, as well as to or beginning of June, to four or five eyes, will 

 promote fruitfulness ; but as to common stand- throw out several proper shoots the same sum- 

 ards, whose heads have full scope of growth mer. The work of pruning short should be oc- 

 every,way, they require but very little pruning, casionally repeated one or two years, cither in 

 except just to retrench any occasional redund- general or on particular shoots, as may seem 

 ancv, ill-growing branches, and dead wood, necessary, till a proper set of branches are by 

 Wall-trees and espaliers require a general regu- that means obtained to give the head of the tree a 

 lation in this way, twice every year : in sum- proper formation ; afterwards it may be omitted, 

 mer, to retrench the evidently superfluous and except occasionally to any particular shoot to fill 

 ill-placed shoots of the year, and to train in a a vacant space ; but some sorts of wall -trees re- 

 supply of the most regular ones; and in winter quire almost a general shortening of their sup- 

 to give a general regulation both for the supply ply of shoots, such as peaches, nectarines, &c, 

 of young wood left in summer, and to the old which bear only on the young wood, have that 

 branches where necessary. of each year shortened, to force out a supply of 



In pruning these sorts' of trees, as they have shoots for future bearing : other sorts of wall- 

 their branches arranged with regularity to the trees and espaliers are not, in the general course 

 right and left, one above another, in a parallel of pruning, to be shortened, such as pears, ap- 

 nianncr, four, five, or six inches asunder, and pies, plums, and cherries, which continue bear- 

 forming a regular spread, so as the branches ing in the same wood of from two or three to 

 of each tree completely cover a certain space of many years' growth. See Espaliers. 

 wall, &c, and as the whole spread of branches When the trees have been thus furnished with 

 constantly send forth every year a great number a proper spread of branches trained regularly to 

 of unnecessary and useless shoots, each should the wall and espalier, they every year throw out 

 be limited to a certain space. " An annual prim- many more shoots than are wanted, or can be 

 ing is consequently necessary to retrench the re- converted to use, by some being too numerous, 

 dundancies, and all irregular and bad shoots, others ill placed, and others of a bad growth ; 

 to give the proper bearing branches due room, all of which must therefore be regulated ac- 

 as well as to confine each tree within its proper cordingly by proper pruning; as the regular 

 limits, consistent with its regular form. figure of the tree, by being well furnished in 



