PRU 



P R U 



! shoots arise in sach par??, they arc pnrti- 



cularly to be regarded at this time : and in 



r pruning] such of ihem as are not wanted 



be easily cut out and removed : but all 



weak trifling .-hoots should now be taken out. 

 After having summer-pruned and cleared any 



tree from all useless shouts, all the remaining 

 shoots should be directly, or as soon 

 as thev are lontr enough, trained in straight 

 and close to the '.\ all or espaliers, at full length. 

 When there is any great vacancy in some parti- 

 cular part, it may however be proper to cut 

 or prune one or more contiguous shoots to three, 

 four, or five eves or buds, in order to promote 

 an emission of literals accordingly the same sea- 

 son, more effectually to supply the vacant spa- 

 but all the rest should be trained at full 

 length till winter pruning, when they must un- 

 dergo another regulation. Those of such trees 

 as require it, as peach, nectarine, Sec, should 

 be shortened. 



The work of training in the shcots in this 

 season, is performed when against w alls, both 

 bv nailing, bv means of proper shreds and nails, 

 and occasionally, by fastening in the smaller 

 shoots, with little slicks or twigs stuck between 

 the main branches and the wall; and for espa- 

 liers, by tying them with small osiers, rushes, 

 or bass string-. 



Alter having tbns summer-dressed and trained 

 the trees, it v. ill be necessary to look them oc- 

 casionally over, in order to reform such branches 

 or shoots as may have started from their places 

 or taken a wrong direction, and according as any 

 fresh irregular shoots are produced, they should 

 be displaced; and likewise as the already trained 

 shoots advance in leneth or project from the 

 wall or espalier, be trained in close, continuing 

 them at full length during their summer's 

 growth ; every thing being kept close and regu- 

 lar, by which the trees will appear beautiful" to 

 the eye, and the fruit show itself, and attain its 

 due perfection more effectually. 



tV inter- Pruning. — In this pruning, a gene- 

 ral regulation must be produced both in the 

 mother branches, ^nd the supply of young wood 

 laid in the preceding summer. The proper time 

 for this work is, in most wall-trees, anytime 

 in open weather, front th<- fall of the leaf in 

 November until March. And in performing 

 the business, it is proper to unnail or loosen a 

 great part of the branches, particularly of peach- 

 es nectarines, apricots, vines, and such other 

 as require an annual supply of young 

 wood, and considerable regulation in the general 

 branches. 



All the principal or mother branches should 



t be looked over, and examini if 



any are worn out or not furnished with parts 

 proper for bearing fruit, and Mich branches be 

 cut down either to the great branch from which 

 thev proceed, or to any lower shoot or !■ 

 branch thev may support toward their bottom 

 part, leaving these to supply its place ; hke- 

 u ist examining if any branches are become I 

 lonj; for the allotted space either at sides or i 

 and reforming them accordingly, by shortenin ■ 

 them down to some lower shoot or branch pro- 

 perly situated to supply the place ; being careful 

 thai every branch terminates in a young shoot 

 of some sort for a leader, especially in all ] 

 where room to extend them, according as the 

 limited space admits, having the leader either 

 placed naturally at the termination of the branch ; 

 or, where too long in any particular parts of 

 tlie tree, pruned conformably to some lower 

 shoot, &c., so as that it may still terminate in 

 a proper leader, and the extended branches i 

 cut to naked stumpy or stubbed ends, as is 

 often practised by inexperienced pruuers. And 

 from the principal or larger branches, pass to the 

 young wood of the year : or, in proceedinsr both 

 in the occasional reform among the principal or 

 older branches, and more sreneral regulation in 

 the young wood of the year, or shoots of the 

 preceding summer, the above intimations rela- 

 tive to the principal branches should be ob- 

 served in the pruning in the whole, both on the 

 old and voting wood, and be carried on regu- 

 larly together at the same time, cutting out or 

 retaining according to circumstances ; as for 

 instance, in the older wood observing the above 

 particulars, and as below, and in the general 

 supply of young wood, cutting out close all 

 fore-right and other irregular shoots that m 

 have been omitted in the sunimer-pruninsi; like- 

 wise all very weak shoots, and those of v. 

 luxuriant growth, unless it be necessary to keep 

 some to supply a vacant place ; then of the re- 

 maining regular shoots, selecting a greater or 

 smaller portion to leave either as a general 

 supply for next \ car's bearing, as is requisite for 

 peaches, nectarines, apricots, vines, and 

 or only in others some occasional shoots, such 

 in full-trained apple-, pear-, plum-, and cberrj - 

 tr^es, kc., either sometimes to furnish 

 vacancies, or to supply the pi any de- 



fective or improper branches, or ineffectual 

 bearers, as may casually occur, or that of de- 

 cayed or dead wood. 



But as peach, nectarines, apricot', vines, and 

 figs, always hear principally on the year-old 

 wood, as already noticed, a general suppK 

 young shoots must be kit in every pail trora 



