P R U 



P K V 



the stones of the fruit ; and the approved kinds 

 acquired in this manner were afterwards multi- 

 plied bv grafting and budding ; as they da not 

 continue the same sorts from seed. For from the 

 seed of one tree many different sorts may be 

 produced, and probably none like the mother- 

 tree, and very few that afford fruit worth eating: 

 but when in possession of ahy approved sorts, 

 they may be multiplied at pleasure, by ingrafting 

 shoots or buds of them into any kind of Plum- 

 stocks. Of course the mode of increasing these 

 trees is, bv grafting, budding, and occasionally 

 by layers ; but the two former arc the most usual 

 methods of practice. 



The two tim modes may be performed upon 

 stocks of any sorts of the Plum-kind, which 

 have been raised from the stones, sown in au- 

 tumn in beds of good earth, about two inches 

 deep : and when the plains arc a year old, plant- 

 ed out in nursery rows two feet and a half asun- 

 der; when, after having from one to two or three 

 years' growth, Ihey are in a lit state for grafting 

 or budding with the desired sorts; which is 

 performed in the usual way, either low in the 

 stock for dwarfs, or at several feet height for 

 standards. Sec GlfAFTlKG and Inoculation. 



These trees may be trained either as dwarf 

 wall trees, espaliers, or as standards and harf 

 standard-. 



When the lirst shoots from the graft or bud 

 are one year old, those of the trees designed as 

 dwarfs for walls, Sec. should be headed down 

 within five or six inches of the bottom, parti- 

 cularly the budded trees, in order to force out 

 laterals from the lower eyes, so as to furnish a 

 proper set of branches, pioceeding regularly 

 from the bottom of the tree, to cover evcrv put 

 of the wall or espalier. With regard lo the 

 standards, their lirst shoots may either h< suf- 

 fered to run and branch in their own way, or 

 headed to a few eves, if it seem ncces:>arv, to 

 force out lower laterals to give the head a more 

 regular spreading lorn), afterwards letting them 

 all take their own natural growth. 



When the trees raised in either of these modes 

 are from one to two or three years old, they 

 are of a proper size for being finally planted out 

 in the irarden, or other place ; though trees w Inch 

 are much older may be safely removed ; but the 

 younger thev are planted where ihey are to re- 

 main, the sooner and more firmly they ei 

 themselves, and form for bean 



In the layer method, which is only practised 

 occasionally, the business may be performed any 

 time from November till March, choosing the 

 last summer's shoots, and laying them down by 

 sitt-laying; when in one year they v. ill he rooted, 

 and must then be separated, and planted in nur- 

 4 



sery rows, being trained either for dwarfs or 

 standards as may be required. 



And the Double Blossom, the Striped varie- 

 ties, and the Stoneless kind, are all increav 

 budding or grafting upon any kinds of Plum* 

 stocks, e ither for dwarfs, or half or full standards. 



The Bullace kinds are capable of being in- 

 creased bv sowing the berries or stones an inch 

 deep in a bed of common earth in autumn; but 

 to continue the different varieties distinct, they 

 must he increased by budding, grafting, or lay- 

 ing, as in the other sorts. 



The proper season for planting all the sorts of 

 these trees is any time, in open weather, from 

 November until March. Ami trees of all the 

 varieties will mostly succeed in any corl 

 soil, and open exposure ; but some of the best 

 sorts should always be put for walls ami - 

 liers, those for walls generally bavmg an east or 

 west aspect, or even a south wall for some <i 

 the choicest sorts ; and a few may also be planted 

 against a north wall, to furnish late fruit; and 

 those lor espaliers may be planted round any of 

 the open quarters^ as also the standards. 



The trees designed for walls and espaliers 

 should be planted out fifteen or eighteen feet di- 

 stance ; (hough where the walls, 8tc. arc rather 

 low. eight en or twenty feet distance may be 

 requisite, in order thai, in default of a proper 

 height of walling, there may be more scope to 

 tram the branches horizontally. But when the 

 : i • thus planted are quite young, as only of 

 one war's shoot from the grafting or budding, 

 -liould in March be beaded down, as above, 

 to four or five ewes, to force out lower horizon- 

 tals in the ensuing summer 3 which, according 

 ;.s thev advance in length, should be trained ho- 

 rizontally at lull length all sumnier, unless 't ! e 

 necessary to forward a further supply of lower 

 branches as fast as possible; in winch case, the 

 voung shoots should be pinched off in May down 

 to a few eyes, when each will throw oeit s 

 lateral branches the same year, which should also 

 be trained horizontally at full length during 

 summer's growth; and in the winter prunin , 

 cutting out only any fbreright and back =hoots, 

 training-in all the regular ones at full length ; as 

 the branches of these trees should be shortened 

 only occasionally to procure wood to fill vacan- 

 cies, as the branches always form ii nit- spins 

 first towards their extreme p..rts, which would 

 be destroyed bv shortening: so that, alter haying 

 shortened the first and second year's shoots oc- 

 casionally, as above, and thereby procured a 

 propi r set of lower horizontals, to give the bead 

 its tust f'ii in; tl.e whole may then be trained in 

 entire about four, five, or six inches asunder ; 

 and. accordingly as the trees shout, eveiy suu 



