R A U 



R A U 



m dry sand, a9 practised for carrots, carefully 

 guarding them from wet and Ir >st ; as in this 

 way tlnv nay be kept till the spring. 



In regard to the culture of the general crops, 

 thev require very little, except occasional thin- 

 ning wh-ie they are too thick, when the plants 

 are come into tile rough leaf, either by hoeing 

 or drawing them out by hand ; though for large 

 quantities, small-hoeing is the most expeditious 

 mode of thinning, as well as most beneficial to 

 the crop bv loosening the ground; in cither me- 

 thod thinning the plants to about two or three 

 inches distance, clearing out the weakest, and 

 leaving the strongest to form the crop. 



In order to save the seed, about the beginning 

 of May some ground should be prepared dv dig- 

 ging and levelling; then drawing some of the 

 straightest and best-coloured radishes, and plant 

 them to rows three feet distant, and two feet 

 asunder in the rows; observing, if the season be 

 dry, to water them until they have taken root : 

 after which they will only require to have the 

 weeds hoed down between them, until they arc 

 advanced so high as to overspread the ground. 



When the seed begins to ripen, it should he 

 carefully guarded against the birds. When it is 

 ripe, the pods will change brown: then it must 

 be cut, and spread in the sun to dry ; after 

 which it must be thrashed, and laid up for use 

 where no mice can come at it. 



Culture on Hotbeds. — This method is some- 

 times practised in order to have the roots early, 

 as in January or the following month. They 

 should have eighteen inches depth of dung to 

 bring them up. and six or seven inches depth of 

 light rich mould. The seed should be sown mo- 

 derately thick, covering it in half an inch thick, 

 3nd putting on the lights: the plants usually 

 come up in a week or less ; and when thev ap- 

 pear, the lights should be lifted or taken otf oc- 

 casionally, according to the weather; and in a 

 fortnight thin the plants to the distance of an 

 inch and half or two inches, when in six weeks 

 they will be fit to draw. Where there are no 

 frames to spare, the beds may be covered with 

 mats over hoops, and the sides secured by boards 

 and straw-bands. And when in want of dung, 

 if the beds be covered with frames, and the lights 

 put on at night and in bad weather, the plants 

 may be raised for u=e a fortnight sooner than in 

 the (.pen bard 



RASPBERRY. Sc»Rubls. 



RATTAN. See Calami-. 



RATTLE, RED. See IV.dkulauis. 



RATTLE, YELLOW. SccRhinanthus. 



RAUWOLFIA, a genus containing plants 

 of the tender exotic shrubby kind for the 

 • re. 



It belongs to the class and order Paitc 

 M iogynia 3 and ranks in the natural order of 

 Con tort <•<•. 



The characters are: that the calvx i^ a live- 

 toothed perianth, very small, permanent : the 

 corolla one-petalled, iuiuiel-furm : tube cylin- 

 drical, globular at the base : border live-parted, 

 Hat: segments roundi.-h, emargiaate: the sta- 

 mina have live filaments, shorter than the tube: 

 anthers creel, simple, acute : the pistillum is a 

 roundish germ : st\ Ic very abort: Stigma capi- 

 tate : the pericarpiuin a subglobular drupe, oa 

 celled, with a groove on one side : the seed two 

 nuts, convex at the base, attenuated at the top, 

 compressed, two-celled. 



The species are : ]. R. nitida, Shining Rau- 

 wollia ; 2. R. earieseais, Hoary Rauwolha. 



The first is a small tree, shining all over very 

 much, upright, full of a white glutinous milk, 

 twelve feet high : the leaves at the joints of the 

 twigs in fours, lanceolate, quite entire, sharp, 

 petioled ; the two nearest live inches in length, 

 twice as long as the two others. Common pe- 

 duncles racemed, terminating, half an inch long, 

 two or three together: the flowers small, with- 

 out scent, having white petals. The fruits are at 

 first yellowish, but at length become very dark 

 purpie, are milkv, and three times as large as i 

 pea: globular, fleshy, twin, two-seeded : the 

 nuts or stones, like those of grapes, of a bony 

 substance. It is a native of South America, 

 flowering here from June to September. 



The second species is an upright ?hriib, the 

 whole of it milky, from one to eight feet in 

 height, with all the parts of a corresponding size, 

 according to the soil and situation. The younger 

 branches subtomentose : the leaves in fours, 

 obovate, attenuated to the base, acu;e, vtrink; 

 tomentose underneath, quite entire, the two 

 nearest longer than the other two. Petioles hir- 

 sute, round. Common peduncles branched, 

 terminating in fours. (Cvmes peduncied, se- 

 veral, and two at the forkings of the stem.) 

 Flowers reddish, small, without scent. It . 

 native of the Caribbee Islands, 8cc. 



Culture. — These mas be increased bv the 

 seeds or berries, which should be sow n in pots 

 filled with light mould, in the auiumn or spring, 

 plunging them in a mild hot-bed. When the 

 plants have attained some grown., thev should 

 be removed into separate pots, and h:u ..• the 

 management of other exotic stove plains. 



Thev may likewise be raised by layers and 

 cuttings, laid down or planted out in \ 

 plunged in the hot-bed in the spring and Bummer 

 months, till they base stricken root, being 

 afterwards managed as those Irom seed. 



They afford much ornament aud variety in 



