RUT 



RUT 



corolla, widish at the base : anthers erect, very 

 khort : the pistillum is a gibbous germ, inscribed 

 with a cross, surrounded at the base by ten ho- 

 ney-dots, raised on a receptacle punctured wiih 

 ten honey-pores : style erect, awl-shapcd: stig- 

 ma simple: the pencarpium is a gibbous cap- 

 sule, five-lobed, half-five-cleft, five-celled, open- 

 ing into five parts between the tips : the seeds 

 Very many, rugged remform-angular. 



The species cultivated arc : 1. R. grmeuhns, 

 Common Hue; 2. 7?. montana. Mountain Rue ; 

 3. R. chalepensii, African Rue; 4. R. palavina, 

 Three-leaved Rue. 



The first has the root woody, branched : the 

 stems frutescent, covered with a rugged, grav, 

 striated bark, eighteen inches high and more : 

 the branches, especially the young ones, smooth 

 and pale green : the leaves glaucous, pulnv, 

 dotted, divided like the umbellate plants, doubly 

 pinnate, or more properly supcrdecompound : 

 the leaflets obovate, sessile ; the lower ones 

 smallest ; the end one commonly trifid, with the 

 middle lobe much larger than the rest : the 

 flowers in a branching corymb on subdivided pe- 

 duncles. It is a native of the South of Europe; 

 flowering from June to September. 



The varieties are : the Common Broad-leaved 

 .Rue, the Narrow-leaved Rue, and the Varie- 

 gated-leaved Rue. 



The second species has the lower leaves com- 

 posed of several parts, which are joined to the 

 midrib in the same manner as other branching 

 winged leaves, and have linear leaflets standing 

 without order: the stalks are from two to three 

 feet high, branching out from the bottom, and 

 garnished with leaves divided into five parts, and 

 those at the top into three, which are as small 

 and narrow as the bottom leaves ; are of a gray 

 colour, but not so fetid as those of the preceding : 

 the flowers grow at the end of the branches in 

 loose spikes, which are generally reflexed. It is 

 a native of the South of Europe, and Barbary, 

 flowering in August and September. 



The third is very like the first, and is its off- 



spring : the first flowers are five-cleft, and the 

 others four-cleft, as in that: the stem u three 

 feet high, upright, round, very much brain hoi : 

 the leaves supcrdecompound, oblong-ovate, 

 smallish, cinereous, smooth, strong-smelling: 

 the flowers in a terminating panicle. It is a na- 

 tive of Africa. 



There are varieties with broad leaves and with 

 narrow leaves. 



In the fourth species the stalk rises sincly 

 from the root, is about a foot high, and herba- 

 ceous : the leaves alternate, narrow : the stalk 

 branches at the top in form of an umbel, sus- 

 taining many yellow flowers, composed of five 

 entire plane petals, having no hairs on their bor- 

 ders : it seems to be a plant of short duration. 

 It was found in Italy. 



Culture. — All the species and varieties maybe 

 readily increased by seed, slips, and cuttings. 

 The seed should be sown in the open ground, in 

 March or April, on a bed of lighj earth, rakm»- 

 it in : the plants soon come up, which when 

 two or three inches high should be planted out 

 in nursery-rows, and watered till fresh rooted. 

 And from the scattered or self-sown seeds of the 

 common sort, many young plants often rise in 

 autumn and spring, which form good plants ; 

 but by slips or cuttings is the most expeditious 

 method of raising all the sorts, as every slip or 

 cutting of the young wood will readily grow. 

 It is the only method by which the different va- 

 rieties can be continued distinct. The slips or 

 cuttings should be made from the young shoots 

 six or eight inches long, and planted in a shady 

 border, in rows half a foot asunder, eiving a 

 good watering, and repealing it occasionally ; 

 By which they will soon emit roots below and 

 shoots at top, so as to form little bushy plants 

 by the autumn following. 



They all afford variety in the borders and other 

 parts, and the first sort and varieties are useful 

 medicinal plants. The third sort should have a 

 dry soil and sheltered situation. 



SAC 



SAC 



SAB1NA. See Juniperus. The characters are: that the calyx is a two- 



SACCH ARUM, a genus containing a plant valved glume, one-flowered : valves dblong-lan- 



ot the lender perennial reed kind. ceolate, acuminate, erect, concave, c.maCa- ti- 



lt belongs to the class and order Tr'mndria less, surrounded with along lanugo at the ba<e- 

 Digyma, and ranks in the natural order of the corolla two-valvcd, shorter, sharpish, wry 



under : nectary two-leaved, very small : the sta- 

 3 B 



Gramina 

 Vol. II. 



