SAL 



SAL 



or fifty feet in height, or more; and in twenty 

 or thirty years become fit to sell as timber. 



When intended to form osier grounds for low 

 stools, for producing twigs annually for the 

 basket-makers, they should be planted in rows 

 two or three feet asunder, and be always kept to 

 low stools a foot high, in order to force out a 

 more plentiful annual crop of twios and rods, 

 proper for use in one summer's growth. For this 

 purpose, waste bogey land in the sides of large 

 rivers are the most proper, both in respect to the 

 soil, and the conveyance of the wands. 



These situations should be dug over or plough- 

 ed, for the reception of the osiers: then, in the 

 proper season, as above, a sufficient quantity of 

 osier sets of different sorts, in cuttings of the 

 one or two vears old shoots, should be formed 

 into two feet or two feet and half lengths, 

 planting them in lines two feet and half distance, 

 .inserting each cutting from ten or twelve to fif- 

 teen inches into the ground, leaving the rest out 

 ■to form the stool, and let them be two feet and 

 half distant in each row: having thus formed 

 the plantation, the cuttings will root firmly in 

 the spring, and shoot at top tolerably strong in 

 ■summer, each stool generallv throwing out several 

 shoots, of an erect growth. During the first sum- 

 mer, all large weeds should be kept down, that 

 the stools may have full scope to produce the first 

 shoots as strong as possible, which, by the end 

 of autumn, will probably be advanced some con- 

 siderable length ; and if much wanted may be 

 cut in the following winter or spring; but for 

 iii 11 plantations they should generally be suffered 

 to continue their growth for two years, till the 

 stools are firmly rooted and become strong; 

 then be cut down with all the tops close to the 

 heads of the stools, which serve for poles, &.c. 

 Next year the stools shoot out strong, a nume- 

 rous crop of twigs and rods, fit for cutting for 

 the basket-makers in the winter following; and 

 the stools still remaining, continue to furnish an 

 annual crop fit for cutting every winter: the 

 twigs when cut should be sorted in sizes, tied in 

 bundles, and stacked up for use. 



Where intended to cut for poles, the planta- 

 tions of stools may be made in any waste wa- 

 tery situations, as along the sides of brooks, 

 rivers, watery ditches, and other similar situa- 

 tions ; to cut every three, four, five, or six years, 

 according to the purposes for which they may 

 be employ ed. 



In forming them, a quantity of sets, of two 

 years old shoots, in cuttings about two feet and 

 half long, should be provided, and planted in rows 

 a yard asunder, introducing each cutting two 

 parts of three into the ground; theyreatlily grow, 

 Mid each sends out several elect shoots, which, 



in three or four years, will become large poles fit 

 to be cut for use. 



Large cuttings or truncheons, three or four 

 feet long, may likewise be thrust down along 

 the sides of rivers, brooks, ditches, &c. which 

 will often take root, and shoot out strongly at 

 top for poles. 



When designed for pollard standards to cut 

 over for poles, for hurdles, &c. also for fuel, 

 every fifth, sixth, or seventh year, the sets or 

 cuttings may be obtained in plenty from the lop- 

 pings of any old pollard willows, &c. choosing 

 the large straight poles, cut from about seven or 

 eight to nine or ten feet lengths, which should 

 be planted cither with an iron crow, or some 

 other similar implement, forced into the ground 

 to make wide holes, two feet or two and a half 

 deep, for their reception : or, if the ground be 

 stubborn, the holes should be dug with a spade 

 to that depth, planting one set in each hole, 

 placing them from a foot and half at least to 

 two feet and half in the ground, leaving six, 

 seven, or eight above for the stem : these sets, 

 though so large and long, if planted in moist 

 places, readily strike root, and shoot out at top 

 the following spring and summer, into many 

 erect branches, which, after four or five years 

 growth, become fit to lop for poles, &c. The 

 trees thus continue to afford a lopping as above, 

 or may be suffered to grow larger, according to 

 the purposes for which the loppings may be 

 wanted. 



When for the purpose of forming hedges 

 quickly, either as fences, blinds, or shelter, cut- 

 tings, either of strong young shoots, formed in 

 two or three feet lengths, and planted in a 

 row half a foot asunder, and twelve to fifteen 

 or eighteen inches deep, may be employed, or 

 larger truncheons of several years growth, cut 

 into sets, two, three, four, or live feet long or 

 more, be used : in either case, when the sets 

 have made the first year's shoot, the shoots may 

 be plashed together in winter, both to stiffen the 

 hedge and give it a thicker form, and afterwards 

 be kept regular by clipping it annually, or suf- 

 fered to take its own natural growth. 



But, in order to form a willow hedge as 

 quickly as possible, large straight sets of live or 

 six feet long may be used, planting them che- 

 quer-ways, placing each set half a yard in the 

 ground, leaving three or four feet above ; which, 

 being arranged, cross one another in the above 

 manner; and ranged all of an equal height, they 

 at once form a good firm fence. 



And where a speedy fence is wanted, by way 

 of blind or shelter, a quantity of loppings, five, 

 six, or seven feet long , well furnished with late- 

 ral branches to the bottom, may be provided and 



