S P R 



S T A 



Its usual height in its native situation is ten 



or twelve feet, "and the stem is as large as a 

 ni*n's lcn, sending out branches towards the 

 top covered with a gray bark; these are desti- 

 tute of leaves for some m rid in the 

 spring, before the leaves appear, many purple 

 flowers come oat from the side of the branches ; 

 these are succeeded by Fruit like plums, having 

 a luscious thin pulp, covering a large fibrous 

 stone: the leaves which come out afterwards 

 are imcquallv pinnate, with four or five. 

 pairs of leaflets, about an inch long and half 

 an inch broad. It is a native of South Ame- 

 rica. 



It is cultivated in its native state by many 

 for the sake of the fruit, which is pretty plea- 

 sant. 



There is a variety of this fruit called The 

 Leathercoat, from the appearance of its skin. 



Culture. — It is increased by sowing the stones 

 of the fruit in pots filled with light mould, plung- 

 ing them in the bark-bed of the stove; and In- 

 planting, cutting, or putting down layers, and 

 managing them in the S3me way : the plants 

 may be taken off and removed into separate pots 

 when thev have stricken good roots, being re- 

 plunged in the bark-bed. 



They require afterwards to be kept constantly 

 in the stove, and to have the same management 

 as other woody exotics of the same nature. 



They afford variety in stove collection*. 



SPONGE-TREE. See Mimosa. 



SPRUCE FIR. See Pi.nus. 



SPURGE. See Euphorbia. 



SPURGE LAUREL. See Daphne. 



SPURGE OLIVE SeeDArauB Mbzbuwm. 



SQUASH-GOURD. See Cocbbbita. 



SQUILL. See Srn.LA. 



SQUIRTING CUCUMBER. See Momor- 



VICS. 



SPROUTS, the sma'l young shoots or suck- 

 ers emitted front the sides of the stems and heads, 

 of vegetables, being in manv instances a sort 

 of compendium ot the plant that produced 

 them ; and, when detached and planted, al- 

 though destitute of roots, often emit fibres, 

 shoot at top to mature growth, and exhibit 

 leaves, flowers, and <?<:Ct, as the parent plant. 



In some herbaceous esculent plants, the young 

 sprouts arc excellent eating ; as in the cabbage 

 kinds, 8cc. affording a very profitable after-crop: 

 the sprouts produced from the forward cabbage- 

 stalks in summer and autumn are always larger 



and finer than the winner and "»pring spr tut! 1 



sometimes the sprouts produced en the stalks of 

 the early-cut cabbages often also cabbage into 

 tolerable little firm heads towards autumn ; in 

 the Sugar-loaf Cabbage particularly, and other 



forward kinds ; producing abundance of fTne 

 sprouts in summer, winch, being gathered w 

 young and green, constitute tnmeoi the 

 cellenl culinary greens ion;likev 



ward Savoys being cut early in autumn, the re- 

 roainingstalka produce fine large sprouts the same 

 year, tit for use in the early part of winter; later 

 crops of the same plants produce also abundan 

 small sprouts in the spring ; and the Borecoli 

 remarkable for its great production of sprouts 

 towards spring, emitted all along the small 

 stems from the very bottom to top ; also Purple 

 Brocoh never fails to produce a secondary crop- 

 of excellent sprouts Furnished with little tender 

 heads. 



In the culture of all the varieties of the cab- 

 bage kind, it is proper, therefore, after gathering 

 the main-heads, to leave a quantity of the stalks 

 of the. best and more forward crops, of the re- 

 spective sorts, to produce sprouts; and if, to- 

 wards autumn or winter, &c, tlie ground should 

 be wanted for other crops, the stalks may be re- 

 moved and trenched in by the roots in another 

 place, not in any shady by corner, as often prac- 

 tised, nor placed too close, a< the sprouts would 

 prove small and trifling, and be liable to be eaten 

 up by slug^ ; but in an open situation, in row* 

 afoot asunder, in which method the sprouts will 

 continue their growth in much greater perfection, 

 though probably not in s<> good as if the stalks 

 had remained undisturbed. 



As the stalks of Cauliflowers and Cauliflower- 

 brocoli rarely produce any sprouts, it is needless 

 to leave them standing on the ground. 



STANDARD TREES, such as stand singly 

 with an upright stem without being trained 10 

 3iiy wall or other support. The term is appli- 

 cable to all sons of fruit- and forest- trees, as Wl II 

 as other tree and shrub kinds that have upright 

 stems, and which stand detached erectly witb- 

 out sup|v>rt; though it is more generally under- 

 stood ot such trees as grow with tall erect stems, 

 six or eight feet high or more, before tlicy 

 branch out to form the head ; such as the com- 

 mon apple-, pear-, and other fruit-trees in or- 

 chards and gardens, and the common forest - 

 trees of the woods and fields. In gardening, 

 they arc distinguished into three sorts ; as Full 

 Standards. Halt Standards, and Dwarf Standards-, 

 from their being a >v trained in all these 



s; Inn forest and tall ornamental trees rarely 

 ioanyothcT than Fi.il Standards; though, in 

 the shrub trilie, they are occasionally formed 

 both into Hall and Dwarf Standards) according 

 to their natural growths. 



Full Sim - •These are such trees as are 



trained with tall, straight, clem stems, six 

 seven feel high or more, then suffered to brai 



