V I B 



V I B 



The eighth species rises with a woody stalk 

 ten or twelve feet high, covered with a brown 

 .bark, and branching its whole length : the 

 branches, when young, are covered with a 

 smooth purple bark : the leaves two inches long, 

 and an inch and quarter broad, slightly serrate, 

 and on short slender footstalks, opposite or with- 

 out order : the flowers in small umbels (cymes) 

 lateral and terminating; these are white, and 

 smaller than in the first sort, appearing in June, 

 and are sometimes succeeded by berries. It 

 grows naturally in most parts of North America, 

 where it is commonly called Black Haw. 



The ninth has the stalks soft and pithy, 

 branching out greatly from the bottom upward, 

 and covered with a gray bark : the leaves three 

 inches long, and nearly as broad, strongly 

 veined, of a light green colour, placed opposite 

 upon pretty long footstalks : the flowers in termi- 

 nating corymbs, white, and almost as long as 

 those of the first sort, appearing in June. It is 

 a native of North America. 



There are varieties with the leaves smooth on 

 both sides, and with the leaves downy under- 

 neath and drawn out to a point. 



In the tenth species the leaves are seldom more 

 than two inches and a half long, and an inch 

 and quarter broad ; they are rounded at their 

 base, but end in acute points, are veined and 

 hairy on their under side, and not of so lucid a 

 green colour as the following sort on their upper. 



There are several varieties; as the smaller hairy 

 leaved, in which the umbels (cymes) of flowers 

 are smaller, and appear in autumn, continuing 

 all the winter. The plants are much hardier. 



The shining-leaved, in which the stalks rise 

 higher, and the branches are much stronger : 

 the bark is smoother, and turns of a purplish 

 colour: the leaves are larger, of a thicker con- 

 sistence, and of a lucid green colour : the umbels 

 (cymes) are much larger, and so are the flowers ; 

 these seldom appear till the spring, and when 

 the winters are sharp, the flowers are killed, and 

 never open unless they are sheltered. 



There is a sub-variety of this with variegated 

 leaves; with gold-and silver-striped ; in which 

 the branches are warted, the younger ones four- 

 cornered : the leaves opposite, ovate, on short 

 petioles, rigid, shining, perennial ; the younger 

 oneshirsute, with short ferruginous villose hairs: 

 flowers in crowded cymes, with little bractes be- 

 tween them : the corolla white; and the berries, 

 when ripe, blue. 



The common, with narrower leaves, hairy only 

 on the edge and veins underneath : the fruit 

 smaller. 



And the Upright Laurustinus. 



Culture. — These plants may some of them 



be increased by seeds, most of them by layers, 

 many by cuttings, and a few by suckers. 



The seeds in the deciduous kinds should be 

 sown in the autumn or spring in beds of light 

 fine mould, being well covered in. The plants 

 appear in the first or second year, and when they 

 are of a twelvemonth's growth they should be 

 planted out in nursery-rows, to be continued 

 till of proper growth to plant out in the shrub- 

 beries or other parts of pleasure-grounds, as 

 from two to five feet. 



In the Laurustinus kinds, the seeds after being 

 mixed with mould in the autumn soon after they 

 become ripe, and exposed to the air and rain in 

 the winter, should in the spring be sown on a 

 gentle hot-bed, or in pots plunged into it; the 

 plants being continued in the bed till the autumn, 

 when they should be removed and managed as 

 in the layer method. The plants raised in this 

 way are said to be hardier than those raised from 

 layers. 



The first sort is tedious in being raised from 

 seeds. 



In the layer, which is the most expeditious 

 mode of raising most of these plants, the young 

 lower branches should be laid down in the au- 

 tumn or spring, being pegged down in the usual 

 manner in the earth, when they mostly become 

 well rooted in a twelvemonth, and may then be 

 taken off* and planted out where they are to re- 

 main, or in the nursery; and sometimes, in 

 some of the kinds, a few are put in pots. 



The best season for removing the tenth sort 

 is in the early autumn, that they may be well 

 rooted before the winter. 



The first sort succeeds best by layers put down 

 in the autumn. And the striped variety may be 

 increased by budding it upon the plain sort. 



The cuttings may be made in the autumn from 

 the strong young shoots, being planted in a 

 moist border in rows, when in the following 

 summer many of them will be well rooted, and 

 form little plants. Most of the deciduous sorts 

 may be raised in this way. 



The suckers should be taken up in the autumn 

 or spring with root-fibres, and be planted out in 

 nursery-rows to have a proper growth. The 

 Guelder Rose may be readily increased in this 

 way, and sometimes the Laurustinus. 



The fourth sort is rather tender in winter 

 while in its young growth, as well as the sixth, 

 and should have protection in that season. A 

 plant or two should be constantly laid in pots 

 under shelter. This last is easily increased by 

 layers. 



These plants afford much variety and effect in 

 shrubbery and other parts of pleasure-ground, 

 when planted out in a mixed order. The ever- 



